Probabilistic prediction of phosphate ion adsorption onto biochar materials using a large dataset and online deployment.

Phosphate (PO(III)) contamination in water bodies poses significant environmental challenges, necessitating efficient and accurate methods to predict and optimize its removal. The current study addresses this issue by predicting the adsorption capacity of PO(III) ions onto biochar-based materials using five probabilistic machine learning models: eXtreme Gradient Boosting LSS (XGBoostLSS), Natural Gradient Boosting, Bayesian Neural Networks (NN), Probabilistic NN, and Monte-Carlo Dropout NN. Utilizing a dataset of 2952 data points with 16 inputs, XGBoostLSS demonstrated the highest R (0.

Influence of Azadirachta indica leaf extracts on tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 in albino rats and its computational analysis.

The current study was designed to investigate the effect of A. indica (Neem) leaf extracts (ethanolic and aqueous) in yeast-induced pyrexia and acetic acid-induced writhing in rat models to evaluate the antipyretic and analgesic biomarkers and its phytochemical screening with computational analysis. For the antipyretic activity model 60 albino rats (160-200g) of either sex were divided into 4 groups and all groups were injected with yeast to induce pyrexia.

The immunomodulatory and antioxidative effects of curcumin-supplemented diets against the isolated Aeromonas hydrophila in Oreochromisniloticus.

Worldwide, Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) has become a significant foodborne pathogen, causing gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal infections in humans as well as severe economic losses in fish farms. Thus, we conducted this research in two experiments.

Xyloglucan based edible coating in combination with Borassus flabellifer seed coat extract for extending strawberry postharvest shelf life.

In this study, xyloglucan (XG) based edible coatings were developed and combined with a bioactive compound, Borassus flabellifer seed coat extract (BFE). The effect of designed edible coatings on the quality of strawberry fruits was investigated over an 8-day storage under ambient conditions. The results revealed the preservation effects in intrinsic properties of coated strawberries that the XG/BFE coated strawberries showed superior maintenance of qualitative parameters over uncoated strawberries, showing delayed weight loss, pH, and total soluble solids, tritratable acidity, retained firmness and lightness, as well as minimized the total color difference at the end of storage.

Systematic review on buparvaquone resistance associated with non-synonymous mutation in drug binding genes site of Theileria annulate.

Theileria annulata (T. annulata) is intra-erythrocytic protozoan parasite which is more prevalent in tropical and sub-tropical countries. It has a significant economic impact on the productivity of the dairy industry, and buparvaquone is used to treat infected animals in the prevalent regions of the world.

Seed treatment: an alternative and sustainable approach to cotton seed delinting.

This review article delves into the vital aspects of cotton, emphasizing its global significance as a crucial agricultural commodity. The paper comprehensively explores the composition of cotton and surveys the diverse methods employed for the removal of cotton lint from seeds. Conventional delinting methods, including mechanical and chemical approaches, are scrutinized in terms of their advantages and drawbacks.

Monitoring the progress and impact of a multicountry, interdisciplinary research project on childhood stunting: the UKRI GCRF Action Against Stunting Hub MEL protocol.

Introduction: Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning (MEL) is an integral part of research, programme and policy development and implementation. However, MEL methods used to monitor and evaluate interdisciplinary research projects are often informal and under-reported. This article describes the MEL protocol of the UKRI GCRF Action Against Stunting Hub (AASH).

Enhancing Zn (II) recovery efficiency: Bi-divalent nickel-cobalt ferrite spinel NiCoFeO as a Game-changing Adsorbent-an experimental and computational study.

This study presents a comprehensive investigation into NiCoFeO (x = 0.5) spinel nanoparticles synthesized through a one-pot hydrothermal method using Co(NO).6HO and Ni(NO).

The 1000 Mitoses Project: A Consensus-Based International Collaborative Study on Mitotic Figures Classification.

The identification of mitotic figures is essential for the diagnosis, grading, and classification of various different tumors. Despite its importance, there is a paucity of literature reporting the consistency in interpreting mitotic figures among pathologists. This study leverages publicly accessible datasets and social media to recruit an international group of pathologists to score an image database of more than 1000 mitotic figures collectively.

Regulatory pathways and therapeutic potential of PDE4 in liver pathophysiology.

Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), crucial in regulating the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway, significantly impacts liver pathophysiology. This article highlights the comprehensive effects of PDE4 on liver health and disease, and its potential as a therapeutic agent. PDE4's role in degrading cAMP disrupts intracellular signaling, increasing pro-inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).

Design and Machine Learning Prediction of In Situ Grown PDA-Stabilized MOF (UiO-66-NH) Membrane for Low-Pressure Separation of Emulsified Oily Wastewater.

Significant progress has been made in designing advanced membranes; however, persistent challenges remain due to their reduced permeation rates and a propensity for substantial fouling. These factors continue to pose significant barriers to the effective utilization of membranes in the separation of oil-in-water emulsions. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are considered promising materials for such applications; however, they encounter three key challenges when applied to the separation of oil from water: (a) lack of water stability; (b) difficulty in producing defect-free membranes; and (c) unresolved issue of stabilizing the MOF separating layer on the ceramic membrane (CM) support.

Investigating market-based opportunities for the provision of nutritious and safe diets to prevent childhood stunting: a UKRI-GCRF action against stunting hub protocol paper.

Background: Inadequate access to affordable, safe, desirable and convenient nutrient-dense food is one of the underlying causes of child stunting. While targeted nutrition-sensitive interventions (eg, backyard 'nutri-gardens') may increase dietary diversity within farming households, such interventions have limited scalability across the wider food system where markets remain underdeveloped. This research aims to develop and assess market-based interventions for key nutrient-dense foods to help improve the diets of women and children in the first 1000 days of life.

Epigenetic studies in children at risk of stunting and their parents in India, Indonesia and Senegal: a UKRI GCRF Action Against Stunting Hub protocol paper.

Introduction: In 2020, an estimated 150 million children under the age of 5 years were stunted. Stunting results from early-life adversity and it is associated with significant physical and cognitive deficit, lifelong socioeconomic disadvantage and reduced life expectancy. There is a need to understand the causes of stunting and its effects in order to develop strategies to avoid it and to mitigate the consequences once stunting has occurred.

Anthropometric, biochemical, dietary, morbidity and well-being assessments in women and children in Indonesia, India and Senegal: a UKRI GCRF Action Against Stunting Hub protocol paper.

Introduction: Child stunting has a complex aetiology, especially in the first 1000 days of life. Nutrition interventions alone have not produced expected impacts in reducing/preventing child stunting, indicating the importance of understanding the complex interplay between environmental, physiological and psychological factors influencing child nutritional status. This study will investigate maternal and child nutrition, health and well-being status and associated factors through the assessment of: (1) anthropometry, (2) biomarkers of nutrition and health status, (3) dietary intakes, (4) fetal growth and development, (5) infant morbidity, (6) infant and young child feeding (IYCF) and (7) perinatal maternal stress, depression and social support.

Genetic Signature Controlling Root System Architecture in Diverse Spring Wheat Germplasm.

Roots are the main sensing organ, initiating multiple signaling pathways in response to abiotic factors, including nutrients, drought, and salt stress. A focus on improving the root system architecture is a key strategy to mitigate these stresses in wheat crop. In the present study, a diversity panel comprising indigenous landraces and historical cultivars from Pakistan was characterized for the root system architecture (RSA) and important loci were identified using a genome-wide association study (GWAS).

Assessment of Pathology Domain-Specific Knowledge of ChatGPT and Comparison to Human Performance.

Context.—: Artificial intelligence algorithms hold the potential to fundamentally change many aspects of society. Application of these tools, including the publicly available ChatGPT, has demonstrated impressive domain-specific knowledge in many areas, including medicine.

The comparative transcriptome analysis of two green super rice genotypes with varying tolerance to salt stress.

Background: Salinity is one of the main abiotic factors that restrict plant growth, physiology, and crop productivity is salt stress. About 33% of the total irrigated land suffers from severe salinity because of intensive underground water extraction and irrigation with brackish water. Thus, it is important to understand the genetic mechanism and identify the novel genes involved in salt tolerance for the development of climate-resilient rice cultivars.

RNAseq of diverse spring wheat cultivars released during last 110 years.

Here, we performed RNA-seq based expression analysis of root and leaf tissues of a set of 24 historical spring wheat cultivars representing 110 years of temporal genetic variations. This huge 130 tissues RNAseq dataset was initially used to study expression pattern of 97 genes regulating root growth and development in wheat. Root system architecture (RSA) is an important target for breeding stress-resilient and high-yielding wheat cultivars under climatic fluctuations.

Thermo-pH-Salt Environmental Terpolymers Influenced by 2-((Dimethylamino)methyl)-4-methylphenyl Acrylate: A Comparative Study for Tuning Phase Separation Temperature.

This study offers a comparison between three different types of thermoresponsive (TR) and thermo-pH-salt (TPR) multiresponsive polymers including homopoly(-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm), copolymers with three different monomers, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), -dimethylacrylamide (DMAAm), and styrene (S) at three different concentrations (5, 10, and 20 mol %), and a PNIPAAm terpolymer with 5, 10, and 20 mol % 2-((dimethylamino)methyl)-4-methylphenyl acrylate (DMAMCA) and 10 mol % HEMA, DMAAm, and S monomers. All polymers were chemically analyzed with H NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) as well as gel permeation chromatography (GPC) for the molecular weights and dispersity and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) for the glass transition temperatures. The cloud point, also known as the phase separation temperature (), was determined for all polymers by a turbidity test using a UV-vis spectrophotometer; a micro-differential scanning calorimeter was used for measuring the cloud point in deionized water.

Isolation, preparation and investigation of leaf extracts of Aloe barbadensis for its remedial effects on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-6) by in vivo and in silico approaches in experimental rats.

Aloe barbadensis is a stemless plant with a length of 60-100 cm with juicy leaves which is used for its remedial and healing properties in different suburbs of various countries. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of A. barbadensis leaf extract (aqueous and ethanolic) in yeast induced pyrexia and acetic acid induced writhing in rat model to evaluate the antipyretic biomarkers and its phytochemical screening with computational analysis.

Evaluating aflatoxins and Sudan dyes contamination in red chili and turmeric and its health impacts on consumer safety of Lahore, Pakistan.

Spices are contaminated with aflatoxins (AFs) and Sudan dyes which are classified as class Group 1 and Group 3 human carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) respectively and their prolonged exposure may raise a human health concern. A total of 474 samples of red chili and turmeric were collected from Lahore city and were subjected to quantitative and qualitative AFs and Sudan dyes analysis by thin layer chromatography (TLC) respectively. The number of red chili and turmeric samples with ≥10 μg/kg of total AFs (European Union standard limit) were 70% and 33% respectively and considered unfit for human consumption.

Designing Optimal Food-Based Recommendations and Nutrient-Dense Canteen Menu for Oil and Gas Workers Using Linear Programming: A Preliminary Study in Oil and Gas Worksite in East Kalimantan, Indonesia.

The objective of this study is to identify problem nutrients and to develop food-based recommendations (FBRs) and nutrient-dense menus based on the nutrient gaps. This study was conducted among male workers ( = 31) in an oil and gas worksite in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Body weight, height, waist circumference, as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured.

Selection of Multi-Drug Targets against Drug-Resistant XDR1219 Using the Hyperbolic Mapping of the Protein Interaction Network.

Tuberculosis remains the leading cause of death from a single pathogen. On the other hand, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) makes it increasingly difficult to deal with this disease. We present the hyperbolic embedding of the protein interaction network (mtbPIN) of resistant strain (MTB XDR1219) to determine the biological relevance of its latent geometry.

Highly Permeable Sulfonated Polydopamine Integrated MXene Membranes for Efficient Surfactant-Stabilized Oil-in-Water Separation.

MXene is an incredibly promising two-dimensional material with immense potential to serve as a high-performing separating or barrier layer to develop advanced membranes. Despite the significant progress made in MXene membranes, two major challenges still exist: (i) effectively stacking MXene nanosheets into defect-free membranes and (ii) the high fouling tendency of MXene-based membranes. To address these issues, we employed sulfonated polydopamine (SPD), which simultaneously serves as a binding agent to promote the compact assembling of TiCT MXenes (MX) nanosheets and improves the antifouling properties of the resulting sulfonated polydopamine-functionalized MX (SPDMX) membranes.