Comparison of immediate and delayed effects of superficial and deep dry needling in patients with upper trapezius myofascial trigger points.

Background: Dry needling is one of the most common treatments for this condition. In this study the immediate and delayed effects of superficial dry needling (SDN) and deep dry needling (DDN) on upper trapezius muscle function and patients' pain and disability was evaluated.

Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 47 women with active MTrPs were randomly divided into SDN and DDN groups and received one session treatment.