The development of patient-specific 3D anatomical models in minimally invasive parathyroidectomy.

Background: Surgery is the preferred treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism. Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy is only feasible with accurate preoperative localisation. Virtual 3D anatomical models can be constructed from patient-specific CT scans using segmentation software.

Systematic review of simulation-based education in strabismus assessment and management.

Background: Strabismus is a dynamic condition for which simulation-based training is valuable, given the variable complexity and relatively reduced exposure compared with other ophthalmic presentations. This study assessed the performance of simulation models available for medical training in the assessment and management of strabismus.

Methods: A systematic review of relevant peer-reviewed academic databases was conducted, without publication date restrictions.

The Natural Stilbenoid (-)-Hopeaphenol Inhibits HIV Transcription by Targeting Both PKC and NF-κB Signaling and Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 9.

Despite effective combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), people living with HIV (PLWH) continue to harbor replication-competent and transcriptionally active virus in infected cells, which in turn can lead to ongoing viral antigen production, chronic inflammation, and increased risk of age-related comorbidities. To identify new agents that may inhibit postintegration HIV beyond cART, we screened a library of 512 pure compounds derived from natural products and identified (-)-hopeaphenol as an inhibitor of HIV postintegration transcription at low to submicromolar concentrations without cytotoxicity. Using a combination of global RNA sequencing, plasmid-based reporter assays, and enzyme activity studies, we document that hopeaphenol inhibits protein kinase C (PKC)- and downstream NF-κB-dependent HIV transcription as well as a subset of PKC-dependent T-cell activation markers, including interleukin-2 (IL-2) cytokine and CD25 and HLA-DRB1 RNA production.

Capillasterin A, a Novel Pyrano[2,3-f]chromene from the Australian Crinoid .

Capillasterin A (), a novel pyrano[2,3-f]chromene, together with seven known naphthopyrones including comaparvin (), TMC-256C1 (), 6-methoxycomaparvin-5- methyl ether (), 5,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-propyl-4H-naphtho[2,3-b]pyran-4-one (), 5,8-dihydroxy-6,10-dimethoxy-2-propyl-4H-naphtho[2,3-b]pyran-4-one (), TMC-256A1 () and 6-methoxycomaparvin () were isolated from an EtOH/H₂O extract from the Australian crinoid . The structures of all the compounds were determined by detailed spectroscopic (1D/2D NMR and MS) data analysis. This is the first report of a natural product that contains the pyrano[2,3-f]chromene skeleton.