Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Novel S-β-D-Glucosides of 4-Amino-5-alkyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones Derivatives.

A novel series of 3-S-β-D-glucosides-4-arylideneamino-5-alkyl-1,2,4-triazoles were designed and synthesized by reaction of 4-amino-5-alkyl-4H-1,2,4triazole-3-thiol Schiff bases and 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl bromide. The structures of the target compounds have been characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR, and Microanalyses. All the newly synthesized compounds have been screened for their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities against two Gram-positive bacteria [Bacillus cereus (PTCC 1015) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923)], two Gram-negative bacteria [Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and Escherichia coli (PTCC 1399) and two fungi [Aspergillus niger (PTCC 5012) and Candida albicans (PTCC 5027)].

Spatial and temporal distributions of phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae), vectors of leishmaniasis, in Iran.

Leishmaniasis is a major vector-borne disease and health problem in Iran. Studies on sand flies, as the vectors of the disease, began in the Northern and Western parts of the country in 1930 and have been continued up to now. Concerning many published information in the field of sand flies, providing a digital database for the country will help the public health authorities to make more correct and prompt decisions for planning leishmaniasis control programs as well as modeling and forecasting of transmission potential across the country.