Computational insertion of microcalcification clusters on mammograms: reader differentiation from native clusters and computer-aided detection comparison.

Mammographic computer-aided detection (CADe) devices are typically first developed and assessed for a specific "original" acquisition system. When developers are ready to apply their CADe device to a mammographic acquisition system, they typically assess the device with images acquired using the system. Collecting large repositories of clinical images containing verified lesion locations acquired by a system is costly and time consuming.

Quantitative optical measurement of mitochondrial superoxide dynamics in pulmonary artery endothelial cells.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a vital role in cell signaling and redox regulation, but when present in excess, lead to numerous pathologies. Detailed quantitative characterization of mitochondrial superoxide anion ( ) production in fetal pulmonary artery endothelia cells (PAECs) has never been reported. The aim of this study is to assess mitochondrial production in cultured PAECs over time using a novel quantitative optical approach.

Time-lapse microscopy of oxidative stress demonstrates metabolic sensitivity of retinal pericytes under high glucose condition.

Hyperglycemia affects retinal vascular cell function, promotes the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy and ultimately causes vision loss. Oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS) in excess, is a key biomarker for diabetic retinopathy. Using time-lapse fluorescence microscopy, ROS dynamics was monitored and the metabolic resistivity of retinal endothelial cells (REC) and pericytes (RPC) was compared under metabolic stress conditions including high glucose (HG).

Quantitative Assessment of Retinopathy Using Multi-parameter Image Analysis.

A multi-parameter quantification method was implemented to quantify retinal vascular injuries in microscopic images of clinically relevant eye diseases. This method was applied to wholemount retinal trypsin digest images of diabetic Akita/+, and bcl-2 knocked out mice models. Five unique features of retinal vasculature were extracted to monitor early structural changes and retinopathy, as well as quantifying the disease progression.

Optical imaging of mitochondrial redox state in rodent models with 3-iodothyronamine.

This study used an optical technique to measure the effects of treating low (10 mg/kg) and high (25 mg/kg) doses of 3-iodothyronamine (T₁AM) on the metabolism in the kidney and heart of mice. The ratio of two intrinsic fluorophores in tissue, (NADH/FAD), called the NADH redox ratio (NADH RR), is a marker of the metabolic state of the tissue. A cryofluorescence imaging instrument was used to provide a quantitative assessment of NADH RR in both kidneys and hearts in mice treated with 3-iodothyronamine.

Organ specific optical imaging of mitochondrial redox state in a rodent model of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia-1.

Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia-1 (HHT-1) is a vascular disease caused by mutations in the endoglin (Eng)/CD105 gene. The objective of this study was to quantify the oxidative state of a rodent model of HHT-1 using an optical imaging technique. We used a cryofluorescence imaging instrument to quantitatively assess tissue metabolism in this model.

Optical imaging of mitochondrial redox state in rodent model of retinitis pigmentosa.

Oxidative stress (OS) and mitochondrial dysfunction contribute to photoreceptor cell loss in retinal degenerative disorders. The metabolic state of the retina in a rodent model of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) was investigated using a cryo-fluorescence imaging technique. The mitochondrial metabolic coenzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) are autofluorescent and can be monitored without exogenous labels using optical techniques.