Multiple strains causing oral infection in COVID-19 patients under corticosteroids and antibiotic therapy: An observational study.

Introduction: The occurrence of oral candidiasis (OC) is expected in patients with COVID-19, especially those with moderate to severe forms of infection who are hospitalized and may be on long-term use of broad-spectrum antibiotics or prolonged corticosteroid therapy. We aimed to characterize clinical conditions, the prevalence profile of species, and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with OC.

Methods: In this observational study, oral samples were obtained from COVID-19 patients suspected of OC admitted to Razi teaching hospital.

The effect of ACE inhibitors and ARBs on outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Background: Contradictory opinions exist regarding the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in patients with hypertension, which is the most common comorbidity associated with COVID-19. Herein, the effects of ACEIs and ARBs on outcomes of COVID-19 patients were evaluated.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the outcomes of COVID-19 patients were compared between patients who received pretreatment ACEIs or ARBs and those who did not.

Lack of association between vitamin D insufficiency and clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 infection.

Background: A protective effect of vitamin D against COVID-19 infection is under investigation. We aimed to analyze the effect of vitamin D sufficiency on the clinical outcomes of patients infected with COVID-19.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study we analyzed the vitamin D levels of COVID-19 patients who were admitted to Razi Hospital (an infectious disease referral center in Mazandaran province in northern Iran) from February to March 2020.

Improving outcomes in patients with prediabetes through a lifestyle modification program.

Background And Purpose: Type 2 diabetes and obesity are prevalent throughout the United States, and they occur at even higher rates in some southern states. This project aimed at improving outcomes for overweight/obese patients with prediabetes, thus reducing their risk of progression to type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Twenty-four adults with a diagnosis of prediabetes and body mass index ≥ 25 completed this 3-month program.