Aortic Root Pathologies and Surgical Management: Insights From a Single Surgeon's Experience.

Introduction and objectives The Bentall procedure is a surgical technique designed to address aortic root abnormalities, including issues with the aortic valve, aortic root, and ascending aortic disease. This study aimed to assess the short-term outcomes of 39 patients who underwent the Bentall and concomitant procedures: aortic root enlargement, personalized external aortic root support (PEARS), and Mini-Bentall procedures at a single center. Methodology We conducted a retrospective study involving 39 patients who underwent surgery for aortic root pathologies such as dissection, Marfan syndrome (MFS), bicuspid aortic valve, degenerative disease, and atherosclerosis at our hospital between January 2019 and September 2024.

Aggressive Versus Moderate Fluid Replacement for Acute Pancreatitis: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: A conservative strategy is the primary modality of treatment for acute pancreatitis of which fluid replacement is an important component. Since the results regarding early aggressive versus moderate fluid replenishment for acute pancreatitis are inconsistent, we sought to compare outcomes between the two resuscitation strategies in our meta-analysis.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.

Rectal Cancer Surgery in a District Hospital: Our Experience.

Introduction Rectal cancer forms a significant proportion of newly diagnosed colorectal cancer. Treatment of rectal cancer is multi-modal, but surgery remains the cornerstone of treatment of rectal cancer and has undergone significant changes in the last three decades. The advent of minimally invasive techniques has revolutionised the landscape of surgery of the rectum.

Impact of Chronic Noise Stress on Thyroid Health: A Comparative Histomorphological and Endocrine Study in Adult Male and Female Rats.

Objective: To compare the effect of varying durations of noise exposure on the histomorphological and endocrine profile of the thyroid gland in male and female adult rats.

Study Design: An experimental study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Anatomy, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi / NUMS, from January to December 2020.

Change in hair texture with the use of pomalidomide for multiple myeloma: From straight to curly phenotype.

Introduction: Pomalidomide is used for treating multiple myeloma in patients who have relapsed after prior treatment with lenalidomide and a proteasome inhibitor. Common side effects include mild cytopenias, and deep vein thrombosis. While papulo-erythematous rash has been described, hair effects are rare with this class of agents.

Papillary Muscle Rupture in the Setting of Endocarditis.

Papillary muscle rupture is commonly linked to ischemic events, occurring typically postmyocardial infarction. However, iatrogenic and nonischemic etiologies can play a role in papillary muscle rupture, including infective endocarditis. The case presented herein is an 85-year-old female with a history of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), who presented with progressive dyspnea despite furosemide therapy, and was discovered to have a flail posterior mitral valve leaflet secondary to papillary muscle rupture associated with endocarditis.

Phenotypic and oncological insights in ANNA1 autoimmunity: Age stratification and biomarker analysis.

Objective: To describe the phenotypes, oncological associations, biomarker profiles, and outcomes across different age groups in patients with ANNA1 (anti-Hu) autoimmunity.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients with ANNA1-IgG in serum/CSF between January 1, 2001, and December 31,2019 was performed. Patients were classified into three groups based on the age of symptom onset.

Renal jejunal fistula with worm infestation: A rare case report from a pediatric patient.

Introduction And Importance: This case report details a rare instance of a renal jejunal fistula accompanied by tuberculosis (TB) and parasitic infestation in a pediatric patient. It adds to the limited literature on renal fistulas involving the jejunum, particularly those compounded by infectious diseases, highlighting the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in managing such complex cases.

Case Presentation: The patient initially presented with flank pain, a discharging sinus in the left flank region, cough, and general malaise, alongside symptoms of anemia.

A novel multifunctional chiral metasurface with asymmetric transmission.

The multiband, multifunctional chiral metasurface with asymmetric transmission exhibits significant potential for diverse applications in modern communication systems, ranging from enhanced signal modulation and polarization control to advanced beam steering and compact antenna design. This research presents a versatile and advanced chiral metasurface operating at multiple bands with diverse functionalities, including asymmetric transmission. The proposed metasurface effectively transforms an incoming Linearly Polarized (LP) wave into a Circularly Polarized (CP) wave.

Histomorphological Changes in Testis of Rats with Prolonged Exposure to Allethrin-Based Mosquito Coil Smoke.

Objective: To explore the potential adverse effects of prolonged inhalation of mosquito coil smoke on the testicular histomorphology and serum testosterone levels in rats.

Study Design: An experimental study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Anatomy, Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from January to December 2020.

Genomic association of SNPs rs4077582 of CYP11A1 and rs700519 of CYP19A1 genes with polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Objective: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder that affects women of reproductive age. Several candidate genes have been shown to be associated with PCOS. Previous studies have shown that variations in CYP11A1 and CYP19A1 genes are associated with hormonal dysregulation associated with PCOS in different ethnic populations.

Assessing disease activity in scleroderma-related interstitial lung disease: a review and practical guide to management.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a heterogeneous disease with a propensity to involve multiple organ systems. There is a significant proportion of these patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) who are at risk of mortality and morbidity. There are limited available tools to assess the severity of parenchymal lung involvement and are subject to confounding factors, including the presence of pulmonary hypertension and concomitant smoking history.

Ascorbyl palmitate nanofiber-reinforced hydrogels for drug delivery in soft issues.

Nanofiber-based hydrogel delivery systems have recently shown great potential in biomedical applications, specifically due to their high surface-to-volume ratio of ultra-fine nanofibers and their ability to carry low solubility drugs. Herein, we introduce a visible light-triggered in situ-gelling drug vehicle (GAP Gel) composed of ascorbyl palmitate (AP) nanofibers and gelatin methacryloyl polymer. AP nanofibers form self-assembled structures through intermolecular interactions with a hydrophobic drug-loading core.

Hyperpolarized C NMR Reveals Pathway Regulation in and Metabolic Similarities and Differences Across the Tree of Life.

The control of metabolic networks is incompletely understood, even for glycolysis in highly studied model organisms. Direct real-time observations of metabolic pathways can be achieved in cellular systems with C NMR using dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (dDNP NMR). The method relies on a short-lived boost of NMR sensitivity using a redistribution of nuclear spin states to increase the alignment of the magnetic moments by more than four orders of magnitude.

Integration of IPC/WASH critical conditions into quality of care and quality improvement tools and processes: Bangladesh case study.

Unsafe patient care in hospitals, especially in low- and middle-income countries, is often caused by poor infection prevention and control (IPC) practices; insufficient support for water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH); and inadequate waste management. We looked at the intersection of IPC, WASH, and the global initiative of improving health care quality, specifically around maternal and newborn care in Bangladesh health facilities. We identified 8 primary quality improvement and IPC/WASH policy and guideline documents in Bangladesh and analyzed their incorporation of 30 subconditions under 5 critical conditions: water; sanitation; hygiene; waste management/cleaning; and IPC supplies, guidelines, training, surveillance, and monitoring.

Assessment of mental well-being and its socio-economic determinants among older adults in the Rohingya refugee camp of Bangladesh.

Older adults residing in refugee settlements with unhealthy living environments, inadequate access to health care services, and limited psychosocial support are vulnerable to experience mental health problems jeopardizing their mental well-being. The present study aims to explore the mental well-being status and its socio-economic determinants among the older adults living in the Rohingya refugee camp in Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was conducted among adults aged ≥ 60 residing in five sub-camps within the Rohingya refugee camp of Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh.

Phleum pratense-pollen adaptive variations and pollen microbiome investigation under different climatic regions and prospects of allergenicity.

Phleum pratense is an allergenic grass that pollinates in spring in Pakistan. Databases Allergenonline.org and Allergen.

The Complementary Roles of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Physical Therapy and Regenerative Medicine: A Comprehensive Review.

Regenerative medicine, encompassing various therapeutic approaches aimed at tissue repair and regeneration, has emerged as a promising field in the realm of physical therapy. Aim: This comprehensive review seeks to explore the evolving role of regenerative medicine within the domain of physical therapy, highlighting its potential applications, challenges, and current trends. Researchers selected publications of pertinent studies from 2015 to 2024 and performed an exhaustive review of electronic databases such as PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar using the targeted keywords "regenerative medicine", "rehabilitation", "tissue repair", and "physical therapy" to screen applicable studies according to preset parameters for eligibility, then compiled key insights from the extracted data.

Evaluating the efficacy of ubiquinol in heart failure patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

We aim to analyze past literature to evaluate the efficacy of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ-10) in the population with heart failure (HF). A systematic literature search was conducted through MEDLINE (via PubMed) and Cochrane Library. The outcomes analyzed were a reduction in HF-related mortality, an improvement in exercise capacity, and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).