Design of a highly stable and conductive electrolyte by suppressing barium copper oxide formation at the grain interfaces in Cu-doped BaCeZrDyO sintered at a low temperature (1200 °C) for SOFCs.

Proton-conducting electrolytes with high conductivity and long-term stability, achievable at low sintering temperatures, are of paramount importance. In this study, we investigate the impact of Cu doping on the sintering mechanism, electrical performance, and stability of BaCeZrDyO (BCZD) electrolyte. The morphology, composition, structure, and chemical state of BCZD electrolytes were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

Navigating the future of solid oxide fuel cell: Comprehensive insights into fuel electrode related degradation mechanisms and mitigation strategies.

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) have proven to be highly efficient and one of the cleanest electrochemical energy conversion devices. However, the commercialization of this technology is hampered by issues related to electrode performance degradation. This article provides a comprehensive review of the various degradation mechanisms that affect the performance and long-term stability of the SOFC anode caused by the interplay of physical, chemical, and electrochemical processes.

DRUG USE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR COLISTIN INJECTION IN THE ADULT POPULATION.

Background: Colistin, also known as Polymyxin E, was the first polymyxin antibiotic. This bactericidal antibiotic plays a vital role as salvage therapy for untreatable gram-negative. Colistin dosing regimens differ worldwide.

Virtual reality simulation as a training tool for perfusionists in extracorporeal circulation: Establishing face and content validity.

Objective: We conducted a prospective study to assess the face and content validity of a new virtual reality (VR) extracorporeal circulation simulator (ECC) developed for perfusionists to facilitate training and practice. We evaluated the opinions of students and staff members about the feasibility of the simulation. The 2 groups consisted of experts (qualified perfusionists) and novices (trainee perfusionists).

Risk Factors and Outcome of Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infection in Living-Donor Renal Transplant Recipients: A Case-Control Study From Pakistan.

Objectives: Gram-negative rods are the most common cause of bloodstream infection in renal transplant recipients. Acute rejection, urologic abnormalities, and ureteral stents are risk factors. Graft dysfunction is independently associated with gram-negative rod bloodstream infection.

Impact of an educational program on community pharmacist's preparedness to conduct pharmacist-led diabetes clinic in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Demand for diabetes care and prevention has increased due to Saudi Arabia's high prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its insufficient treatment. This raised awareness of the significance of community pharmacists in Saudi Arabia, who may significantly improve diabetes treatment by setting up pharmacist-led diabetic clinics. Thus, to assess community pharmacists' readiness to lead diabetes clinics in Saudi Arabia, this study evaluated the usefulness of an educational session on diabetes care.

Outcome of COVID-19 and tolerance of Remdesivir in patients with renal failure: a single center experience from Pakistan.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is known to cause severe disease in chronic kidney disease and maintenance dialysis patients. We aim to report the outcome of COVID-19 and the adverse effects of Remdesivir (RDV) in patients with renal failure.

Methodology: A retrospective observational study included all admitted patients with COVID-19 who received Remdesivir.

Outcome, risk factors and therapeutic strategies in carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteraemia from Pakistan.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative (CRGN) bacteraemia has high mortality and limited therapeutic options. We assessed the risk factors and outcome of CRGN bacteraemia treated with limited options.

Methods: A prospective cohort study done at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan, from October 2021 to August 2022.

A comprehensive survey of cancer medicines prices, availability and affordability in Ghana.

Introduction: In Ghana, prices for cancer medicines are characterized by high retail markups, forex fluctuations and high variation in prices of medicines. Most patients cannot afford the cancer medicines. There is a problem of unaffordability and limited availability of essential cancer medicines which suggests potential inequity in patient access to cancer medicines.

Two Dimensional Heterostructures for Optoelectronics: Current Status and Future Perspective.

Researchers have found various families of two-dimensional (2D) materials and associated heterostructures through detailed theoretical work and experimental efforts. Such primitive studies provide a framework to investigate novel physical/chemical characteristics and technological aspects from micro to nano and pico scale. Two-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) materials and their heterostructures can be obtained to enable high-frequency broadband through a sophisticated combination of stacking order, orientation, and interlayer interactions.

Magnetic Response of Nano/Microparticles into Elastomeric Electrospun Fibers.

Combining magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with high-voltage processes to produce ultra-thin magnetic nanofibers (MNFs) fosters the development of next-generation technologies. In this study, polycarbonate urethane nanofibers incorporating magnetic particles were produced via the electrospinning technique. Two distinct types of magnetic payload were used: (a) iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) with an average size and polydispersity index of 7.

Advances and emerging challenges in MXenes and their nanocomposites for biosensing applications.

Two-dimensional materials have unique properties and their better functionality has created new paradigms in the field of sensing. Over the past decade, a new family of 2D materials known as MXenes has emerged as a promising material for numerous applications, including biosensing. Their metallic conductivity, rich surface chemistry, hydrophilicity, good biocompatibility, and high anchoring capacity for biomaterials make them an attractive candidate to detect a variety of analytes.

Metformin-based single pill drug combinations for type 2 diabetes in primary care England: A time trend analysis.

Aims: There has been an increase in prescribing and costs of oral hypoglycaemic agents in England and other countries. This study aims to investigate the trends in prescriptions, costs, and adverse events of metformin and metformin-based single pill drug combinations from 2015 to 2020 and explore why changes in use or cost are occurring.

Methods: Prescriptions and costs data from Prescription Cost Analysis database and Interactive Drug Analysis Profiles presenting all suspected ADRs reported for each drug were examined.

Encoder-decoder models for chest X-ray report generation perform no better than unconditioned baselines.

High quality radiology reporting of chest X-ray images is of core importance for high-quality patient diagnosis and care. Automatically generated reports can assist radiologists by reducing their workload and even may prevent errors. Machine Learning (ML) models for this task take an X-ray image as input and output a sequence of words.

Whipple's disease in renal transplant recipients: Management experience of seven cases from Pakistan.

Introduction: Whipple's disease (WD) is a rare multi-systemic disorder caused by actinomycetes, Tropheryma whipplei. It presents with weight loss, arthralgia, and diarrhea and may involve the heart, lung, or central nervous system. The use of immunosuppressive medications or underlying immunodeficiency states are associated risk factors.

A case series of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in renal transplant recipients: Challenges in management from a TB endemic country.

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin (Rif). The use of immunosuppressive drugs in solid organ transplant recipients can increase the risk of TB. Management of MDR-TB is quite challenging in the general population with poor compliance owing to lengthy treatment duration and drug toxicities.

Evaluating diagnostic content of AI-generated radiology reports of chest X-rays.

Radiology reports are of core importance for the communication between the radiologist and clinician. A computer-aided radiology report system can assist radiologists in this task and reduce variation between reports thus facilitating communication with the medical doctor or clinician. Producing a well structured, clear, and clinically well-focused radiology report is essential for high-quality patient diagnosis and care.

Treatment outcome and adverse effects of colistin in adult patients with carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteremia from Pakistan.

Background: Polymyxins (colistin) have emerged for the treatment of carbapenem resistant (CR) gram-negative infections. There is a paucity of data on treatment outcomes and adverse effects of high-dose colistin treatment in Pakistan. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and toxicity of colistin in CR bacteremia, including patients with renal failure and on hemodialysis, and to determine patient outcomes.

Impact of National Drug Pricing Policy 2018 on access to medicines in Lahore division, Pakistan: a pre-post survey study using WHO/HAI methodology.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of new National Drug Pricing Policy (NDPP) 2018 on access to medicines in terms of prices, availability and affordability.

Design: Two cross-sectional surveys were undertaken before and after the launch of NDPP 2018, using a modified WHO/Health Action International (WHO/HAI) methodology.

Setting: Four districts of Lahore division, Pakistan.

Retrograde autologous priming to reduce allogeneic blood transfusion requirements: a systematic review.

Background: Efforts have been made to minimize transfusion of packed red blood cells in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. One method concerns retrograde autologous priming. Although the technique has been used for decades, results remain contradictory in terms of transfusion requirements.

Clinical trials in Asia: A World Health Organization database study.

Background And Objective: The Asian continent appears to be a growing destination for conducting cost-effective clinical trials, utilizing the available pool of treatment naïve subjects. This study aims to determine the growth rate of clinical trials in Asia.

Methods: A database review was conducted.