A Scoping Review on Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Cats: Current Evidence and Future Directions.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have become invaluable in the treatment of human and canine malignancies, but their role in feline oncology is less defined. While toceranib phosphate and masitinib mesylate are licensed for use in dogs, no TKI is yet approved for cats. This review systematically maps the research conducted on the expression of tyrosine kinases in neoplastic and non-neoplastic domestic feline tissues, as well as the in vitro/in vivo use of TKIs in domestic cats.

[Clinicopathologic characteristics, postoperative outcome, and prognostic factors in dogs with primary pulmonary carcinomas - A retrospective study of 61 dogs].

Introduction: Canine primary pulmonary carcinomas (PLC) are treated surgically. The goal of this study was to increase the veterinary database concerning clinical and pathological findings, postsurgical median survival times (mST), and prognostic factors in this tumor type.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective analysis of 61 dogs with 62 PLC treated surgically between 2007 and 2017.

Follow Up on Simple (Closed) Extraction of Fractured Maxillary Canine Teeth in Domestic Ferrets ().

Fractured canine teeth (especially maxillary canine teeth) are common in domestic ferrets (). We evaluated (detailed oral/dental and radiographic examination under general anesthesia) 18 domestic ferrets affected by 23 complicated crown fractures of periodontally healthy permanent maxillary canine teeth over a 2-year period. Average age of the ferrets at the time of diagnosis was 2.

Bactericidal activity of oral beta-lactam antibiotics in plasma and urine versus isogenic Escherichia coli strains producing broad- and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.

Bacteria harbouring extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), derived by mutation from TEM-1, TEM-2 or SHV-1 beta-lactamases, have been described world-wide. The in vitro activities of these enzymes against beta-lactam antibiotics, including oral cephalosporins, are well recognised. The aim of this investigation was to assess the bactericidal activity of oral beta-lactam antibiotics available in Croatia (amoxicillin/clavulanate, cephalexin, cefuroxime, cefadroxil and ceftibuten), in biological fluids against isogenic Escherichia coli strains producing broad-spectrum (TEM-1, TEM-2 and SHV-1) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (SHV-2, SHV-3, SHV-4, SHV-5, SHV-12).

Effect of inoculum size on the antibacterial activity of cefpirome and cefepime against Klebsiella pneumoniae strains producing SHV extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.

Objective: To determine the effects of varying inoculum size on in vitro susceptibility of SHV extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to cefepime and cefpirome compared to previously established cephalosporins and aztreonam.

Methods: Antibiotic susceptibilities were determined by disk diffusion test, the MIC broth microdilution method, and time-kill studies with two different inocula of 10(5) and 10(7) CFU/mL. The strains were classified into four groups according to the type of beta-lactamase they produce: SHV-2, SHV-5, SHV-12, and ESBL-negative klebsiellae.

The significance of asymptomatic bacteremia for the newborn.

Background: So far, there has been no systematic detection of asymptomatic bacteremia in pregnant women. Consequently, its possible effects on newborn infants have not been discussed. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of asymptomatic bacteremia in pregnant and parturient women and neonates as well as to assess its influence on the health condition of newborn infants during the first three months of life.

Frequency of portal and systemic bacteremia in acute appendicitis.

Background: Acute appendicitis is the most common condition requiring an emergency abdominal operation in childhood. In the present study, we analyzed the frequency of portal and systemic bacteremia in 42 patients with acute appendicitis and determined the microbial agents responsible for an acute appendicitis and for portal and systemic bacteremia.

Methods: Appendectomies were performed on 50 young patients (5-18 years of age), as well as clinical and bacteriological tests.

[Treatment of pseudarthroses of the olecranon with the anatomical hook plate].

We report the results in seven patients treated surgically for nonunion of the olecranon. Four nonunions occurred after primary treatment with tension band wiring and three nonunions occurred after open reduction internal fixation with plates and screws or lag screws only. All patients were treated with cancellous bone grafting and open reduction internal fixation using anatomical hook plates.

[Characteristics of SHV-2 beta-lactamase from 2 hospitals in Zagreb].

The aim of the investigation was to determine the properties of SHV-2 type of beta-lactamase from two hospitals in Zagreb. The production of SHV-2 beta-lactamase was determined in 22 clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae by isoelectric focusing, PCR and PCR/Nhe test.

Fibronectin concentrations in catheter sepsis.

Objectives: To investigate the role of fibronectin in the pathogenesis of biomaterial-related infections and the influence of catheter sepsis on the concentration of plasma fibronectin during various stages of bacteremia.

Methods: Plasma fibronectin concentrations were determined by the simple radial immunodiffusion method. Four groups of subjects were used: one group comprised patients with catheter sepsis, the second patients with local inflammation of the catheter insertion site caused by slime-positive, coagulase-negative staphylococci, the third patients with slime-negative, coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from the catheter, and the fourth demonstrably healthy persons.

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Zagreb, Croatia.

Forty clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, from various clinical specimens, with reduced susceptibility to ceftazidime, were tested for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production. ESBL production was demonstrated by an 8-fold reduction in the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ceftazidime combined with clavulanate (2 mg/L) compared to ceftazidime alone in all strains. The aim of this investigation was the biochemical and molecular characterization of the ESBL produced by K.

Influence of subinhibitory concentrations of ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and azithromycin on the morphology and adherence of P-fimbriated escherichia coli.

The influence of subinhibitory concentrations (1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16 and 1/32 x MIC) of ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and azithromycin on the morphology and adherence of 29 wild-type P-fimbriated strains of Escherichia coli was studied. Bacterial adherence to the Buffalo green monkey (BGM) cell line was tested before and after treatment with antibiotics and detected by means of an immunofluorescence staining. Significant dose dependent reduction of bacterial adherence was observed, which correlated with the alterations in bacterial cell morphology.

[Clinical and laboratory significance of inducible beta-lactamases].

Many species of bacteria have inducible expression of beta-lactamase and the enzyme production in these bacteria is normally held at a low level by a repressor mechanism, but in the presence of a beta-lactamase inducer this repression is lifted and enzyme production is greatly increased. Inducible synthesis of beta-lactamase was first described for the gram-positive organism Bacillus licheniformis. After that inducible expression of beta-lactamase was discovered in gram-negative bacteria like Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Morganella morganii, Proteus vulgaris, Serratia spp and Aeromonas spp.

Increased beta-lactamase activity in Branhamella catarrhalis after exposure to amoxicillin and clavulanic acid.

Branhamella catarrhalis, previously regarded as a harmless member of the normal nasopharyngeal flora, has periodically been implicated as the major pathogen in representative cases of a variety of infections such as sinusitis, pneumonia, septicemia and meningitis. In addition, beta-lactamase production of these microorganisms, first described in 1977, has been reported with increasing frequency, up to 80%. The first-choice drug for the therapy of the infections caused by beta-lactamase producing strains of B.

[Relation between P-fimbriae and resistance to amoxicillin, carbenicillin and tetracycline in uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli].

Escherichia coli is the most common cause of uncomplicated urinary tract infections. The ability of adherence enables E. coli colonization of mucosal surfaces of the urinary tract, and strains which express P-fimbriae significantly more often cause unobstructive pyelonephritis.

[Biologic role of Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein].

The biological role of Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein (THGP), a mucoprotein normally present in urine, is not quite clear as yet. The importance of THGP in urinary tract infections, genesis of urinary calculi and other diseases is discussed.

[New diagnostic possibilities: urinary sediment digestion in an attempt to determine the etiology of urinary tract infections].

A selected sample of patients of juvenile age underwent this examination. They shared not only the common symptoms of inflammation, but also the incapability of isolating bacteria from the urine, or at least their insufficient isolation. A midstream urine specimen was collected and cultivated by Sanford's quantitative culture method.

Respiratory symptoms and ventilatory capacity in swine confinement workers.

A group of 59 workers (41 men and 18 women) employed in swine confinement areas was studied to assess the presence of acute and chronic respiratory symptoms and the prevalence of abnormalities in ventilatory function. A control group of 46 (31 men and 15 women) unexposed workers was studied for the prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms. For both male and female swine confinement workers complaints of chronic cough, dyspnoea, and chest tightness were significantly more frequent than among control workers.

Severe urinary tract infections.

We studied asymptomatic bacterial inflammations found in urogenital tract where a small number of bacteria was found in urine, and thus therapeutically neglected. We found that the lower the concentration of fructose the greater was the number of bacteria. Our data showed that S.

[Respiratory symptoms and ventilatory capacity in pig-farm workers].

A group of 59 swine farmers was studied to assess the prevalence of acute and chronic respiratory symptoms and ventilatory capacity changes. Among men there was a significantly higher prevalence of almost all chronic respiratory symptoms compared to the control workers. For female workers there was a significantly higher prevalence of chronic cough, dyspnea and chest tightness than in control workers.

Antibacterial activity of the dialysates and sera during treatment with chemotherapeutic combinations in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).

In everyday clinical practice, different chemotherapeutics are mostly applied intraperitoneally in treating continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) peritonitis. Antibacterial activity of the dialysates and sera were studied, according to their bacteriostatic effect after the intraperitoneal and/or peroral administration of chemotherapy. All samples were tested by the two-fold dilution method.

[Structural analysis of external fixators of bones and the anatomy of the olecranon process].

Shown is the structural analysis of the broken bone metal fixator and of the anatomic hooked metal sheet for olecranon, from the structural engineering point of view. The FE models are structurally examined using the ICES STRUDL system and the COMPUTERVISION for graphics simulations.