Publications by authors named "Zafar Rustamkulov"
Article Synopsis
- Transmission spectroscopy has been an essential method for studying exoplanet atmospheres, but recent studies question the assumption that the atmosphere is uniform, particularly for heated gas giants like WASP-39 b.
- Using the James Webb Space Telescope, researchers detected differences in the morning and evening transmission spectra of WASP-39 b, finding that the evening spectra had significantly larger transit depths compared to the morning ones.
- The findings suggest that the evening terminator is hotter and possibly clearer than the morning terminator, leading to implications about atmospheric circulation and cloud formation on the exoplanet.
Observations of transiting gas giant exoplanets have revealed a pervasive depletion of methane, which has only recently been identified atmospherically. The depletion is thought to be maintained by disequilibrium processes such as photochemistry or mixing from a hotter interior. However, the interiors are largely unconstrained along with the vertical mixing strength and only upper limits on the CH depletion have been available.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe recent inference of sulfur dioxide (SO) in the atmosphere of the hot (approximately 1,100 K), Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39b from near-infrared JWST observations suggests that photochemistry is a key process in high-temperature exoplanet atmospheres. This is because of the low (<1 ppb) abundance of SO under thermochemical equilibrium compared with that produced from the photochemistry of HO and HS (1-10 ppm). However, the SO inference was made from a single, small molecular feature in the transmission spectrum of WASP-39b at 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Photochemistry plays a critical role in regulating the composition and stability of planetary atmospheres, but clear photochemical products have not been detected in exoplanets until recently.* -
- The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) detected sulfur dioxide (SO) in the atmosphere of the exoplanet WASP-39b, suggesting photochemical processes create SO in this gas giant's atmosphere.* -
- The presence of SO, linked to the oxidation of hydrogen sulfide, indicates WASP-39b has high metallicity (about 10 times that of the sun), and its spectral features could help understand more about similar exoplanets.*
Article Synopsis
- Measuring the metallicity and carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratio in exoplanet atmospheres helps to understand their chemical processes and formation history.
- The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) allows for advanced observations of exoplanets, notably WASP-39b, providing insights through time-series data with high precision in a new wavelength range.
- Findings include the detection of water vapor in the atmosphere with a high metallicity (1-100 times that of the Sun) and a low C/O ratio, suggesting the potential for significant solid material accretion during formation or chemical disequilibrium in the atmosphere.
The Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39b has been the subject of extensive efforts to determine its atmospheric properties using transmission spectroscopy. However, these efforts have been hampered by modelling degeneracies between composition and cloud properties that are caused by limited data quality. Here we present the transmission spectrum of WASP-39b obtained using the Single-Object Slitless Spectroscopy (SOSS) mode of the Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) instrument on the JWST.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMeasuring the abundances of carbon and oxygen in exoplanet atmospheres is considered a crucial avenue for unlocking the formation and evolution of exoplanetary systems. Access to the chemical inventory of an exoplanet requires high-precision observations, often inferred from individual molecular detections with low-resolution space-based and high-resolution ground-based facilities. Here we report the medium-resolution (R ≈ 600) transmission spectrum of an exoplanet atmosphere between 3 and 5 μm covering several absorption features for the Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39b (ref.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAerosols have been found to be nearly ubiquitous in substellar atmospheres. The precise temperature at which these aerosols begin to form in exoplanets has yet to be observationally constrained. Theoretical models and observations of muted spectral features indicate that silicate clouds play an important role in exoplanets between at least 950 and 2,100 K (ref.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF