Development and validation of the renal dosing questionnaire (RDQ-13) for pharmacists.

Pharmacists, as an integral part of the healthcare team, can play a crucial role in preventing drug-related problems in patients with chronic kidney disease that arise due to inappropriate doses. This study aimed to develop and validate a new tool, the renal dosing questionnaire (RDQ-13), for pharmacists working across hospital, community, and retail pharmacy settings. A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2023 among pharmacists working in different settings.

Synthesis and Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Potentials of Ethyl 2-(2,5-Dioxo-1-Phenylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-2-Methylpropanoate.

: Inflammation and analgesia are two prominent symptoms and often lead to chronic medical conditions. To control inflammation and analgesia, many marketed drugs are in practice but the majority of them have severe side effects. : This study involved the synthesis of a pivalate-based Michael product and evaluated it for in vitro COX-1, COX-2, and 5-LOX inhibitory potentials using specific assays.

Oxindole derivatives alleviate paracetamol-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity: biochemical, histological, and computational expressions.

Oxindole is a nature-derived heteroaromatic nucleus with a history of preclinical uses in various conditions. In this study, oxindole derivatives, 6-chloro-3-(3-hydroxybenzylidene) indolin-2-one (3OH) and 6-chloro-3-(4-hydroxybenzylidene) indolin-2-one (4OH) were evaluated for nephroprotective and hepatoprotective effects. Paracetamol-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity model was used in mice.

Neuroimaging and the Investigation of Drug-Drug Interactions Involving Psychedelics.

Psychedelic therapies are an emerging class of treatments in psychiatry with great potential, however relatively little is known about their interactions with other commonly used psychiatric medications. As psychedelic therapies become more widespread and move closer to the clinic, they likely will need to be integrated into existing treatment models which may include one or more traditional pharmacological therapies, meaning an awareness of potential drug-drug interactions will become vital. This commentary outlines some of the issues surrounding the study of drug-drug interactions of this type, provides a summary of some of the relevant key results to date, and charts a way forward which relies crucially on multimodal neuroimaging investigations.

Application of tele-neuropsychology and tele-mental health before and during COVID-19 era: a bibliometric analysis.

Background: Telehealth use was previously limited by strict regulations and financial constraints. However, the pandemic prompted some countries to ease their telehealth laws. Thus, we conducted a bibliometric analysis and network visualization to gauge changes in tele-neuropsychology (Tele-NP) and tele-mental Health (Tele-MH) trends with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Assessment of heavy metals level in chicken with indeterminate analysis in localities of Lahore, Pakistan.

The poultry industry is a significant source of animal protein, vitamins, and minerals, particularly through the consumption of chicken meat. In order to conduct the study, 100 samples of liver, chicken feed, and drinking water were collected in nearby areas of Lahore. The investigation aims to detect the presence of specific heavy metals in the collected samples.

History Is the Key to Diagnosis: A Case of Nitrofurantoin-Induced Interstitial Lung Disease.

We present the case of a 74-year-old woman with a past medical history (PMH) significant for anxiety, depression, and hypertension who presented to the pulmonary clinic for consultation regarding progressive shortness of breath, which started five months ago after developing COVID-19. Further history-taking revealed that she had been started on nitrofurantoin two months ago for recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs). Her pulmonary function tests (PFTs) demonstrated a moderately restrictive disease.

Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax in a Patient With Interstitial Lung Disease Undergoing Routine Outpatient Pulmonary Function Tests.

We present the case of a 64-year-old female with a past medical history significant for unclassified interstitial lung disease (ILD) from suspected hypersensitivity pneumonitis secondary to chronic mold exposure with steroid responsiveness and prior pneumothorax. The patient developed shortness of breath and pleuritic chest pain after undergoing routine outpatient pulmonary function tests (PFTs). She was immediately transferred to the emergency department and found to have a moderate left basilar pneumothorax.

Environmental condition-dependent effects of aquatic humic substances on the distribution of phenanthrene in microplastic-contaminated aquatic systems.

Numerous studies have focused on the interaction between microplastics (MPs) and phenanthrene (PHE) in aquatic environments. However, the intricate roles of aquatic humic substances (HS), which vary with environmental conditions, in influencing PHE-MP interactions are not yet fully understood. This study investigates the variable and environmentally sensitive roles of HS in modifying the interactions between PHE and polyethylene (PE) MPs under laboratory-simulated aquatic conditions with varying solution chemistry, including pH, HS types, HS concentrations, and ionic strength.

Phenolic phytochemistry, , , , and mechanistic anti-inflammatory and antioxidant evaluations of .

Excessive and imbalance of free radicals within the body lead to inflammation. The objective of the current research work was to explore the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of the isolated compounds from In this study, the isolated phenolic compounds were investigated for and anti-inflammatory potential along with the antioxidant enzyme. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of the phenolic compounds was assayed via various enzymes like COX-1/2, 5-LOX and ABTS, DPPH, and HO free radical enzyme inhibitory assay.

Knowledge of stroke and the window period for thrombolytic therapy in ischemic stroke among South Indians: A hospital-based survey with educational intervention.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the awareness of stroke in regards to the risk factors, warning symptoms, and knowledge of the therapeutic window period among varied strata of non-medical people attending a tertiary care center.

Materials And Methods: The interventional study involved the collection of data regarding awareness of stroke using a structured questionnaire with a total score of 16. Pre-intervention assessment was followed by intervention in the form of education regarding awareness of stroke administered one-on-one for personalized and effective comprehension by subjects.

Long-Term Clinical Outcome of Tacrolimus Skin Ointment (0.03%) for the Treatment of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Background Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is an allergic conjunctival inflammation with severe ocular complications if left untreated. The current management regimen is plagued with adverse effects, long-term problems, and clinical relapses. Tacrolimus offers an alternative treatment option, and long-term studies are needed to determine its efficacy.

Dietary replacement of soybean meal with black soldier fly larvae meal in juvenile Labeo rohita and Catla catla: Effects on growth, nutritional quality, oxidative stress biomarkers and disease resistance.

This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of partial substitution of crude protein from soybean meal (SBM) with black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal (BSFLM) in juvenile rohu (Labeo rohita) and catla (Catla catla). Four isonitrogenous diets (23% crude protein) were formulated to replace 0% (T0), 40% (T40), 80% (T80) and 100% (T100) crude protein from SBM with BSFLM. Triplicate groups of each species (10 fish per replicate) were fed in an eight week growth experiment.

Comparative analysis of potential drug-drug interactions in a public and private hospital among chronic kidney disease patients in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: A retrospective cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant public health challenge due to its rising incidence, mortality, and morbidity. Patients with kidney diseases often suffer from various comorbid conditions, making them susceptible to potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) due to polypharmacy and multiple prescribers. Inappropriate prescriptions for CKD patients and their consequences in the form of pDDIs are a major challenge in Pakistan.

Neuroimaging in psychedelic drug development: past, present, and future.

Psychedelic therapy (PT) is an emerging paradigm with great transdiagnostic potential for treating psychiatric disorders, including depression, addiction, post-traumatic stress disorder, and potentially others. 'Classic' serotonergic psychedelics, such as psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), which have a key locus of action at the 5-HT2A receptor, form the main focus of this movement, but substances including ketamine, 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and ibogaine also hold promise. The modern phase of development of these treatment modalities in the early 21st century has occurred concurrently with the wider use of advanced human neuroscientific research methods; principally neuroimaging.

Molecular identification of missense variants in SLC3A1 gene; an approach leading to computer-aided drug design for cystinuria.

Cystinuria is a rare congenital disorder characterized by the formation of cystine stones in urinary system, mainly kidneys and urinary tract. It follows the autosomal recessive inheritance pattern, where both of the parents contain the mutant allele. Cystine is an oxidized dimeric form of amino acid cysteine, shining crystal of greenish-yellow color sized greater than 5 mm.

Pharmacological evaluations of amide carboxylates as potential anti-Alzheimer agents: anti-radicals, enzyme inhibition, simulation and behavioral studies in animal models.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological disorder that progresses gradually but irreversibly leading to dementia and is difficult to prevent and treat. There is a considerable time window in which the progression of the disease can be intervened. Scientific advances were required to help the researchers to identify the effective methods for the prevention and treatment of disease.

Persons With Spinal Cord Injury Report Peripherally Dominant Serotonin-Like Syndrome After Use of Serotonergic Psychedelics.

Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) may treat various mental health conditions. Despite its promising therapeutic signal across mental health outcomes, less attention is paid on its potential to provide therapeutic benefits across complex medical situations within rehabilitation medicine. Persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) have a high prevalence of treatment-resistant mental health comorbidities that compound the extent of their physical disability.

Drug repurposing of FDA-approved anti-viral drugs via computational screening against novel 6M03 SARS-COVID-19.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has been recognized as severe acute respiratory syndrome, one of the worst and disastrous infectious diseases in human history. Until now, there is no cure to this contagious infection although some multinational pharmaceutical companies have synthesized the vaccines and injecting them into humans, but a drug treatment regimen is yet to come.

Aim: Among the multiple areas of SARS-CoV-2 that can be targeted, protease protein has significant values due to its essential role in viral replication and life.

Assessment of lead, cadmium, and mercury levels in the breast milk in Pakistani women.

The concentrations of potentially toxic metals like lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) in healthy lactating mothers of Lahore city were estimated during 2020-2021 with the help of a flame atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS). Seventy samples of breast milk were collected from two different age groups, namely, G-1 (25-30 years) and G-2 (31-40 years). The results showed that Cd contents were below the detection limit of the measuring instrument; however, the Pb and Hg contents were detected with great ease.

Psychedelic therapy in the treatment of addiction: the past, present and future.

Psychedelic therapy has witnessed a resurgence in interest in the last decade from the scientific and medical communities with evidence now building for its safety and efficacy in treating a range of psychiatric disorders including addiction. In this review we will chart the research investigating the role of these interventions in individuals with addiction beginning with an overview of the current socioeconomic impact of addiction, treatment options, and outcomes. We will start by examining historical studies from the first psychedelic research era of the mid-late 1900s, followed by an overview of the available real-world evidence gathered from naturalistic, observational, and survey-based studies.