Long-term life expectancy in severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic review.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) pose significant challenges to public health, medicine, and society due to their substantial impact on victims, caregivers, and the community. While indicators like life expectancy or death rates provide insights into mortality and long-term outcomes, they fail to address how TBIs affect aging, neurological sequelae, cognitive impairment, and psychological or psychiatric disorders. Moreover, most studies are limited to North America, limiting the generalizability of findings across different social welfare systems.

Impact of Pre-Sleep Visual Media Exposure on Dreams: A Scoping Review.

A body of experimental research has aimed to investigate processes underlying dream formation by examining the effects of a range of pre-sleep stimuli and events on subsequent dream content. Given its ever-growing presence and salience in people's everyday lives, pre-sleep media consumption stands out as a key variable that could influence people's dreams. We conducted a scoping review to evaluate the experimental evidence of the effects of pre-sleep exposure to visual media on dream content.

Life expectancy and long-term survival after traumatic spinal cord injury: a systematic review.

Introduction: Spinal cord injuries have a considerable impact on healthcare in terms of mortality and morbidity. To address the difficulties faced by people affected by this condition and to raise awareness among stakeholders and policymakers, it is crucial to understand factors impacting survival. The purpose of this study is to systematically review the literature on life expectancy in people with traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI), identifying key factors influencing mortality and survival.

Longitudinal Study of Early Adversity and Disturbing Dream Frequency: Moderating Role of Early Negative Emotionality.

Although disturbing dreams are prevalent in youth and are associated with psychopathology, little is known about their developmental course and risk factors. We aimed to examine the association between early social environment and subsequent disturbing dream frequency across adolescence as moderated by early negative emotionality. Measures of children's early social environment and negative emotionality were collected from the mothers of 410 children (5-42 months old) and measures of disturbing dream frequency directly from the children (13-18 years old).

Management Of Spastic Equinovarus Foot in Children with Cerebral Palsy: An Evaluation of Anatomical Landmarks for Selective Nerve Blocks of the Tibial Nerve Motor Branches.

Objective: To define the anatomical landmarks of tibial motor nerve branches for selective motor nerve blocks of the gastrocnemii,  soleus and tibialis posterior muscles in the management of spastic equinovarus foot.

Design: Observational study.

Patients: Twenty-four children with cerebral palsy with spastic equinovarus foot.

Emergency Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Pericardial Decompression Syndrome.

Background: Pericardiocentesis is a therapeutic lifesaving intervention for patients presenting with cardiogenic shock due to pericardial effusion with signs of tamponade. Pericardial decompression syndrome (PDS) is a rare fatal complication that may occur after pericardiocentesis. .

The disintegrated theory of consciousness: Sleep, waking, and meta-awareness.

The study of sleep and wakefulness can inform debates about the nature of consciousness. We argue that sleep and wakefulness fall along a multidimensional continuum and that inconsistencies and paradoxes with the accounts put forth by Merker et al. and Tononi can be understood in terms of a pervasive false dichotomy between these two states.

Outcome of Surgical Treated Isolated Pronator Teres Syndromes-A Retrospective Cohort Study and Complete Review of the Literature.

Purpose: This study aims to elucidate the occurrence of postoperative carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), the functional outcome of patients with primary pronator teres syndrome (PTS), and review complete literature regarding this topic.

Material And Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted in patients with PTS at a single center. In all patients, a numeric Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, Pinch-Test, Jamar hand dynamometer test (JAMAR), and the Disabilities of the Arm Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score were analyzed preoperatively and at final follow-up to assess outcome.

Self-reported developmental changes in the frequency and characteristics of somnambulistic and sleep terror episodes in chronic sleepwalkers.

Background: Far from being benign, somnambulistic episodes can be frequent and/or severe and potentially injurious. Episodes may also be accompanied by sleep mentation with variable degrees of retrograde amnesia. The present study investigated how somnambulistic episodes unfold from childhood through adulthood, a topic that remains understudied.

Does the adenosine deaminase (ADA) gene confer risk of sleepwalking?

Sleepwalking is a common non-rapid eye movement (NREM) parasomnia and a significant cause of sleep-related injuries. While evidence suggest that the occurrence of this condition is partly determined by genetic factors, its pattern of inheritance remains unclear, and few molecular studies have been conducted. One promising candidate is the adenosine deaminase (ADA) gene.

Autonomic Modulation During Baseline and Recovery Sleep in Adult Sleepwalkers.

Sleepwalking has been conceptualized as deregulation between slow-wave sleep and arousal, with its occurrence in predisposed patients increasing following sleep deprivation. Recent evidence showed autonomic changes before arousals and somnambulistic episodes, suggesting that autonomic dysfunctions may contribute to the pathophysiology of sleepwalking. We investigated cardiac autonomic modulation during slow-wave sleep in sleepwalkers and controls during normal and recovery sleep following sleep deprivation.

Sleep: Opening a portal to the dreaming brain.

The retrospective nature of dream reports represents a challenge to the study of dreams. Two-way, real-time communication between researchers and lucid dreamers immersed in REM sleep offers a new and exciting window into the study of dreams and dreaming.

Effects of robot-assisted gait training on postural instability in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review.

Introduction: Postural instability is a cardinal feature of Parkinson's disease, together with rest tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia. It is a highly disabling symptom that becomes increasingly common with disease progression and represents a major source of reduced quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease. Rehabilitation aims to enable patients with Parkinson's disease to maintain their maximum level of mobility, activity and independence.

Spindles insufficiency in sleepwalkers' deep sleep.

Objectives: Sleepwalkers have consistently shown N3 sleep discontinuity, especially after sleep deprivation. In healthy subjects, sleep spindles activity has been positively correlated to sleep stability. We aimed to compare spindles density during N3 sleep between sleepwalkers and healthy controls.

Disturbing Dreams and Psychosocial Maladjustment in Children: A Prospective Study of the Moderating Role of Early Negative Emotionality.

Although frequent disturbing dreams, including bad dreams and nightmares, have been repeatedly associated with poor psychological well-being in adults, considerably less information exists on their psychosocial correlates in children. Recent empirical and theoretical contributions suggest that the association between disturbing dream frequency and psychosocial adaptation in children may differ as a function of children's negative emotionality. The current study assessed the moderating effect of very early negative emotionality (17 months of age) in the relation between disturbing dream frequency and psychosocial maladjustment (i.

Successful Treatment of Somnambulism With OROS-Methylphenidate.

Somnambulism is a non-rapid eye movement sleep parasomnia with potential for significant injury as well as functional nighttime and daytime impairment. Clonazepam is frequently used as first line pharmacotherapy. However, the optimal treatment of somnambulism has not been established.

Predicting the affective tone of everyday dreams: A prospective study of state and trait variables.

Although emotions are reported in a large majority of dreams, little is known about the factors that account for night-to-night and person-to-person variations in people's experience of dream affect. We investigated the relationship between waking trait and state variables and dream affect by testing multilevel models intended to predict the affective valence of people's everyday dreams. Participants from the general population completed measures of personality and trauma history followed by a three-week daily journal in which they noted dream recall, valence of dreamed emotions and level of perceived stress for the day as well as prior to sleep onset.

[Therapy of Dupuytren's contracture with collagenase - Evidence-based Consensus Statement of Austrian Surgical Societies].

Dupuytren's contracture (DC) or Dupuytren's disease (DD) is a progressive fibro-proliferative disease of palmoplantar connective tissue, resulting in characteristic nodal and/or cord formation from collagen disposition. When the disease progresses, the thickening and shortening of the cords eventually leads the affected fingers to being pulled into flexion, which may be associated with marked disability, especially with bilateral disease. DD is relatively common in Europe, with the highest prevalence in Nordic countries.

Altered brain perfusion patterns in wakefulness and slow-wave sleep in sleepwalkers.

Study Objectives: The present study assessed brain perfusion patterns with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) during sleepwalkers' post-sleep deprivation slow-wave sleep (SWS) and resting-state wakefulness.

Methods: Following a 24 hr period of sleep deprivation, 10 sleepwalkers and 10 sex- and age-matched controls were scanned with a high-resolution SPECT scanner. Participants were injected with 99mTc-ethylene cysteinate dimer after 2 min of stable SWS within their first sleep cycle as well as during resting-state wakefulness, both after a subsequent 24 hr period of sleep deprivation.

Select strengths and biases of models in representing the Arctic winter boundary layer over sea ice: the Larcform 1 single column model intercomparison.

Weather and climate models struggle to represent lower tropospheric temperature and moisture profiles and surface fluxes in Arctic winter, partly because they lack or misrepresent physical processes that are specific to high latitudes. Observations have revealed two preferred states of the Arctic winter boundary layer. In the cloudy state, cloud liquid water limits surface radiative cooling, and temperature inversions are weak and elevated.

Altered Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Idiopathic Hypersomnia.

Study Objectives: Idiopathic hypersomnia is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, despite normal or long sleep time. Its pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. This pilot study aims at characterizing the neural correlates of idiopathic hypersomnia using single photon emission computed tomography.

EEG Functional Connectivity Prior to Sleepwalking: Evidence of Interplay Between Sleep and Wakefulness.

Study Objectives: Although sleepwalking (somnambulism) affects up to 4% of adults, its pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Sleepwalking can be preceded by fluctuations in slow-wave sleep EEG signals, but the significance of these pre-episode changes remains unknown and methods based on EEG functional connectivity have yet to be used to better comprehend the disorder.

Methods: We investigated the sleep EEG of 27 adult sleepwalkers (mean age: 29 ± 7.