Prospective Head-to-Head Comparison of F-PSMA PET/CT and F-NaF PET/CT for Assessing Bone Metastases in 160 Patients with Newly Diagnosed High-Risk Prostate Cancer.

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT is increasingly used for primary staging in prostate cancer (PC), mainly because of its improved accuracy in detecting lymph node metastases compared with conventional imaging. However, the diagnostic benefit of PSMA PET/CT for detecting bone metastases is less well established. This study compares the diagnostic accuracy of F-PSMA PET/CT and F-NaF PET/CT for detecting bone metastases in patients newly diagnosed with PC.

Ovarian Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma With Low 68 Ga-FAPI-46 and Low 18 F-FDG Uptake on PET/CT : A Case Report.

A 67-year-old woman presented with a 12 × 20 × 24-cm adnexal tumor. Ultrasonography revealed an irregular, multilocular tumor, with increased flow in the solid components, and ascites-features that are consistent with ovarian cancer. The patient underwent 18 F-FDG PET/CT and 68 Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT, both of which showed low uptake values.

Predicting Malignancy in Adnexal Tumors With FAPI PET/CT and FDG PET/CT: A Case Report on a Borderline Ovarian Tumor.

A 54-year-old woman presented with a 55 × 64-mm tumor in the ovary with high [ 18 F]FDG uptake on [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT highly suggestive of ovarian cancer. Prior to surgery, the patient underwent [ 68 Ga]-Ga- fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI)-46 PET/CT, which revealed low [ 68 Ga]-Ga-FAPI-46 tumor uptake. Histopathology revealed a borderline ovarian tumor, which has low malignant potential and a 10-year survival rate greater than 93%.

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Nuclear medicine imaging for prostate cancer has advanced significantly over the past decade. A survey is presented in this review. PSMA-PET/CT is a new highly accurate method that has been introduced, but bone scans and bone-PET continue to be widely applied.

Diagnostic accuracy and clinical value of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT for staging patients with ovarian cancer: study protocol for a prospective clinical trial.

Background: [F]Fluorodeoxyglucose ([F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) is recommended during diagnostic work-up for ovarian cancer; however, [F]FDG PET has several inherent limitations. The novel oncologic PET-tracer fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) has demonstrated promising results in multiple cancer types, including ovarian cancer, and could overcome the limitations of [F]FDG PET; however, high-quality clinical studies are lacking. The primary objective of the present study is to compare the diagnostic accuracy of [Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT and [F]FDG PET/CT in ovarian cancer patients and to investigate how this potential difference impacts staging and patient management.

How to Perform FAPI PET? An Expedited Systematic Review Providing a Recommendation for FAPI PET Imaging With Different FAPI Tracers.

This expedited systematic review aims to provide the first overview of the different Fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) PET scan procedures in the literature and discuss how to efficiently obtain optimal FAPI PET images based on the best available evidence. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched in April 2023. Peer-reviewed cohort studies published in English and used FAPI tracers were included.

Intravenous Pyogenic Granuloma in the Inguinal Canal Mimicking Lymph Node Metastasis on PSMA PET/CT.

We present a 68-year-old man with newly diagnosed high-risk prostate cancer who was referred for PSMA PET/CT after the initial CT showed a contrast-enhanced structure resembling a lymph node in the left inguinal canal. No other findings suggesting metastatic disease were seen on CT or bone scintigraphy. PSMA PET/CT showed moderate PSMA uptake in the inguinal tissue, substantiating an unexpected location of lymph node metastasis.

The diagnostic accuracy of radiolabeled PSMA-ligand PET for tumour staging in newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients compared to histopathology: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The current clinical recommendations posit the deployment of specific approved radiolabeled prostate-specific membrane antigen-ligand positron emission tomography (PSMA PET) for detecting metastatic prostate cancer during primary staging. Nevertheless, the precise efficacy of such ligands in localizing intraprostatic tumours (index tumour) and T-staging is not well established. Consequently, the objective of this inquiry is to ascertain the diagnostic accuracy of PSMA-PET in the tumour staging of newly diagnosed prostate cancer by means of a meta-analysis that integrates studies utilizing histological confirmation as the reference standard.

A Case of Penile Metastasis from Prostate Cancer, Identified by Ga-PSMA PET/CT, Mimicking Peyronie's Disease: A Diagnostic Challenge.

A 70-year-old man with high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) received radiation therapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). The patient developed penile tenderness, compatible with Peyronie's disease upon physical examination. An ultrasound revealed a matching hypoechoic plaque and a thrombus in the vena dorsalis profunda, which were treated with anticoagulants.

Designing clinical trials based on modern imaging and metastasis-directed treatments in patients with oligometastatic breast cancer: a consensus recommendation from the EORTC Imaging and Breast Cancer Groups.

Breast cancer remains the most common cause of cancer death among women. Despite its considerable histological and molecular heterogeneity, those characteristics are not distinguished in most definitions of oligometastatic disease and clinical trials of oligometastatic breast cancer. After an exhaustive review of the literature covering all aspects of oligometastatic breast cancer, 35 experts from the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Imaging and Breast Cancer Groups elaborated a Delphi questionnaire aimed at offering consensus recommendations, including oligometastatic breast cancer definition, optimal diagnostic pathways, and clinical trials required to evaluate the effect of diagnostic imaging strategies and metastasis-directed therapies.

Clinical significance of atypical Ga-DOTATOC prostatic uptake on PET/CT: A ten-year review.

Objective: Gallium-68-DOTA-D-Phe1-Try3-Octreotide (Ga-DOTATOC) is a radiolabeled somatostatin receptor (SSTR) analog that is widely used in the imaging of neuroendocrine tumors (NET). Benign and malignant prostate tumors have been observed to express SSTR. Diffuse symmetric DOTATOC uptake in the prostate is a normal positron emission tomography (PET) finding.

Presurgical Ga-PSMA-11 Positron Emission Tomography for Biochemical Recurrence Risk Assessment: A Follow-up Analysis of a Multicenter Prospective Phase 3 Imaging Trial.

Background: In the initial staging of patients with high-risk prostate cancer (PCa), prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET) has been established as a front-line imaging modality. The increasing number of PSMA-PET scans performed in the primary staging setting might be associated with decreases in biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival (BCR-FS).

Objective: To assess the added prognostic value of presurgical PSMA-PET for BCR-FS compared with the presurgical Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment (CAPRA) and postsurgical CAPRA-Surgery (CAPRA-S) scores in patients with intermediate- to high-risk PCa treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) and pelvic lymph node dissection.

Intense PSMA Uptake in a Vertebral Hemangioma Mimicking a Solitary Bone Metastasis in the Primary Staging of Prostate Cancer via Ga-PSMA PET/CT.

A 78-year-old man with newly diagnosed high-risk prostate cancer underwent Ga-PSMA PET/CT for primary staging. This showed a single, very intense PSMA uptake in the vertebral body of Th2, without discrete morphological changes on low-dose CT. Thus, the patient was considered oligometastatic and underwent MRI of the spine for stereotactic radiotherapy planning.

Ga-FAPI PET/CT Interobserver Agreement on Tumor Assessment: An International Multicenter Prospective Study.

Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitors (FAPIs) are promising radiotracers for cancer imaging, with emerging data in the recent years. Nonetheless, the interobserver agreement on Ga-FAPI PET/CT study interpretations in cancer patients remains poorly understood. Ga-FAPI PET/CT was performed on 50 patients with various tumor entities (sarcoma [ = 10], colorectal cancer [ = 10], pancreatic adenocarcinoma [ = 10], genitourinary cancer [ = 10], and other types of cancer [ = 10]).

Frequency of superscan on bone scintigraphy: A systematic review.

Introduction: Bone scintigraphy (BS) is an important tool for detecting bone metastasis. BS with diffuse increased skeletal radioisotope uptake with absent or faint urinary tract and soft tissue activity is defined as a superscan. In this review, we investigate the different etiologies causing superscan and the reported frequency of superscan among different disease entities.

Multiparametric dynamic whole-body PSMA PET/CT using [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 and [F]PSMA-1007.

Background: Routine prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) performed for primary staging or restaging of prostate cancer patients is usually done as a single static image acquisition 60 min after tracer administration. In this study, we employ dynamic whole-body (D-WB) PET imaging to compare the pharmacokinetics of [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 and [F]PSMA-1007 in various tissues and lesions, and to assess whether Patlak parametric images are quantitative and improve lesion detection and image readability.

Methods: Twenty male patients with prostate cancer were examined using a D-WB PSMA PET protocol.

Indeterminate thyroid cytology in an iodine-deficient population: Prevalence, operation rate, risk of malignancy anddiagnostic value of thyroid scintigraphy and F-FDG PET imaging parameters.

Objective: Patients with indeterminate thyroid cytology often have a diagnostic hemithyroidectomy. The role of molecular imaging, particularly fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET), is controversial, and demographic variations in tumor prevalence and histology influence test performance and clinical utility. We retrospectively assessed the prevalence of indeterminate thyroid cytology and the malignancy rate in patients from an iodine deficient area, and evaluated the diagnostic value of preoperative thyroid scintigraphy and F-FDG PET/CT among operated patients.

Not All Glittering Bone Lesions Are Gold: A Case of Sclerotic Bone Lesions with Elevated Ga PSMA and Tc HDP Uptake with No Signs of Malignancy.

Gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( Ga PSMA PET/CT) outperforms CT and bone scintigraphy in terms of diagnostic accuracy for the primary staging of prostate cancer and has become widely used. However, Ga PSMA uptake is also encountered in nonprostatic tissue. We present a 63-year-old male with newly diagnosed high-risk prostate cancer who underwent bone scintigraphy with single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT), which showed inhomogeneous elevated uptake in sclerotic bone lesions in the pelvis.

FAPI-avid nonmalignant PET/CT findings: An expedited systematic review.

Fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) is a promising tracer in oncologic positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Numerous studies have demonstrated the superior sensitivity of FAPI PET/CT over fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT in several types of cancer. However, the cancer specificity of FAPI uptake remains understudied, and several cases of false-positive FAPI PET/CT findings have been reported.

Deep learning based identification of bone scintigraphies containing metastatic bone disease foci.

Purpose: Metastatic bone disease (MBD) is the most common form of metastases, most frequently deriving from prostate cancer. MBD is screened with bone scintigraphy (BS), which have high sensitivity but low specificity for the diagnosis of MBD, often requiring further investigations. Deep learning (DL) - a machine learning technique designed to mimic human neuronal interactions- has shown promise in the field of medical imaging analysis for different purposes, including segmentation and classification of lesions.

Giant Parathyroid Tumor: Parathyroid Adenoma versus Parathyroid Carcinoma.

Parathyroid adenoma is the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). We present the preoperative detection of a giant parathyroid adenoma (GPA) using (Tc)-sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy in a patient presenting with severely elevated parathyroid hormone, hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and vitamin D insufficiency. The patient complained of cerebral symptoms and intermittent abdominal discomfort without constipation.

Improvement of the splanchnic blood flow and hepatic vein oxygenation following revascularization in patients with chronic mesenteric ischaemia.

Objectives: Chronic mesenteric ischaemia (CMI) is an underdiagnosed but severe condition. Access to functional testing is often limited and the diagnosis is usually based primarily on symptoms and imaging. One of the functional tests available is measurement of the splanchnic blood flow (SBF).

The clinical consequences of routine Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT in patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer, ISUP grade 5 and no metastases based on standard imaging - preliminary results.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical consequences of prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT for primary staging in patients with ISUP grade 5 (Gleason score ≥9) prostate cancer (PCa), and no definitive distant metastases based on standard imaging.

Methods: At our tertial referral center, PSMA PET/CT became standard of care from August 2018 for primary staging of prostate cancer given the following criteria: (1) no prior treatment for prostate cancer, (2) ISUP grade 5, (3) no definitive metastases on standard imaging (contrast enhanced CT and bone scintigraphy), and (4) deemed suitable for treatment with curative intent based on comorbidity and life expectancy. We present the preliminary results of first six months recruitment with 12 months of follow-up.

Prevalence and significance of incidental findings on 68 Ga-DOTA-conjugated somatostatin receptor-targeting peptide PET/CT: a systematic review of the literature.

Aim: We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of incidental  Ga-DOTA-conjugated somatostatin receptor-targeting peptide PET/CT (SSTR PET/CT) findings, their clinical significance in the need for follow-up, and their risk of malignancy.

Materials And Methods: Studies reporting incidental SSTR PET/CT findings were systematically searched in PubMed, Cochrane, Embase and Web of Science literature published prior to 1 of May 2020. Studies were filtered by two independent readers for eligibility based on title and abstract, and subsequently on full text.