Neurocognitive and Neuromuscular Rehabilitation Techniques after ACL Injury, Part 1: Optimizing Recovery in the Acute Post-Operative Phase- A Clinical Commentary.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury rates are on the rise, despite improved surgical techniques and prevention programs. While traditional rehabilitation emphasizes the restoration of motion, strength, and physical performance, emerging research highlights the importance of addressing neurocognitive deficits that can persist after injury. These deficits, including altered proprioception, impaired motor control and muscle recruitment, as well as heightened reliance on visual feedback, can significantly increase the risk of re-injury and impede return to sport.

Major Risk Factors of Mortality in Adult and Elderly Patients Emergently Admitted for Intestinal Fistulas, Excluding the Rectum and Anus.

Introduction: In the United States, intestinal fistulas accounts for $500 million (USD) of healthcare expenditures and 28,000 admissions annually. They are also associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite the high prevalence of intestinal fistulas, risk factors of mortality have yet to be fully elucidated.

Modeling direct air carbon capture and storage in a 1.5 °C climate future using historical analogs.

Limiting the rise in global temperature to 1.5 °C will rely, in part, on technologies to remove CO from the atmosphere. However, many carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies are in the early stages of development, and there is limited data to inform predictions of their future adoption.

Neurocognitive and Reactive Return to Play Testing Protocol in Overhead Athletes Following Upper Extremity Injury.

The incidence of upper extremity (UE) injuries in sport, particularly with the shoulder and elbow in baseball/softball players, appears to be increasing yearly, especially in younger age athletes. Improving the objective criteria and testing methods used to determine return to play (RTP) readiness following non-operative or post-operative management of UE injuries is one aspect of the rehabilitation process that may significantly help in reducing reinjury rates. Currently, the majority of clinicians are still using post operative time frame and/or strength/range of motion as their main criteria for clearance to RTP following UE injury.

The Golfer's Fore, Fore +, and Advanced Fore + Exercise Program: An Exercise Series and Injury Prevention Program for the Golfer.

Unlabelled: Golf is increasing in popularity with 24.8 million golfers in the U.S.

The Need To Change Return to Play Testing in Athletes Following ACL Injury: A Theoretical Model.

The incidence of knee injuries in sport, particularly involving the ACL, appears to be increasing yearly, especially in younger age athletes. Even more concerning is the frequency of ACL reinjury also appears to be increasing year after year. Improving the objective criteria and testing methods used to determine return to play (RTP) readiness following ACL surgery is one aspect of the rehabilitation process that can significantly help in reducing reinjury rates.

Classic indicators and diel dissolved oxygen versus trend analysis in assessing eutrophication of potable-water reservoirs.

Potable source-water reservoirs are the main water supplies in many urbanizing regions, yet their long-term responses to cultural eutrophication are poorly documented in comparison with natural lakes, creating major management uncertainties. Here, long-term discrete data (June 2006-June 2018) for classical eutrophication water quality indicators, continuous depth-profile data for dissolved oxygen (DO), and an enhanced hybrid statistical trend analysis model were used to evaluate the eutrophication status of a potable source-water reservoir. Based on classical indicators (nitrogen, N and phosphorus, P concentrations and ratios; phytoplankton biomass as chlorophyll a, chl a; and trophic state indices), the reservoir was eutrophic to hypereutrophic and stoichiometrically imbalanced.

BART Cancer: a web resource for transcriptional regulators in cancer genomes.

Dysregulation of gene expression plays an important role in cancer development. Identifying transcriptional regulators, including transcription factors and chromatin regulators, that drive the oncogenic gene expression program is a critical task in cancer research. Genomic profiles of active transcriptional regulators from primary cancer samples are limited in the public domain.

Periostin-expressing Schwann cells and endoneurial cardiac fibroblasts contribute to sympathetic nerve fasciculation after birth.

Background: The intracardiac nervous system (ICNS) is composed of neurons, in association with Schwann cells (SC) and endoneurial cardiac fibroblasts (ECF). Besides heart rhythm control, recent studies have implicated cardiac nerves in postnatal cardiac regeneration and cardiomyocyte size regulation, but cardiac SC and ECF remain understudied. During the postnatal period, the ICNS undergoes intense remodeling with nerve fasciculation and elongation throughout the myocardium, partially guided by the extracellular matrix (ECM).

Emergency Department Boarding of Non-Trauma Patients Adversely Affects Trauma Patient Length of Stay.

Introduction Emergency Department (ED) boarding delays initiation of time-sensitive protocols for trauma patients and makes them susceptible to increased mortality and morbidity. In this study, we compared the ED boarding times of non-trauma patients and ED length of stay (LOS) of trauma patients. Methods This was a single-center retrospective cohort study in a Level 1 trauma center.

A specialized population of Periostin-expressing cardiac fibroblasts contributes to postnatal cardiomyocyte maturation and innervation.

During the postnatal period in mammals, the cardiac muscle transitions from hyperplasic to hypertrophic growth, the extracellular matrix (ECM) undergoes remodeling, and the heart loses regenerative capacity. While ECM maturation and crosstalk between cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and cardiomyocytes (CMs) have been implicated in neonatal heart development, not much is known about specialized fibroblast heterogeneity and function in the early postnatal period. In order to better understand CF functions in heart maturation and postnatal cardiomyocyte cell-cycle arrest, we have performed gene expression profiling and ablation of postnatal CF populations.

Leveraging historical data into oncology development programs: Two case studies of phase 2 Bayesian augmented control trial designs.

Leveraging historical data into the design and analysis of phase 2 randomized controlled trials can improve efficiency of drug development programs. Such approaches can reduce sample size without loss of power. Potential issues arise when the current control arm is inconsistent with historical data, which may lead to biased estimates of treatment efficacy, loss of power, or inflated type 1 error.

Inhibition of fibronectin polymerization alleviates kidney injury due to ischemia-reperfusion.

Fibrosis is a common feature of chronic kidney disease; however, no clinical therapies effectively target the progression of fibrosis. Inhibition of fibronectin polymerization with the small peptide pUR4 attenuates fibrosis in the liver and heart. Here, we show that pUR4 decreases renal fibrosis and tissue remodeling using a clinically relevant model of kidney injury, unilateral ischemia-reperfusion.

Inhibitory deficits in prepulse inhibition, sensory gating, and antisaccade eye movement in schizotypy.

Schizotypy is a term that refers to a continuum of personality characteristics, emerging from mental states ranging from organized and normal to unorganized and disordered; with the latter tending to include individuals with high schizotypal scores as well as those diagnosed with schizotypal personality disorder. Evidence from psychophysiological studies has found a relative weakness in the inhibitory functioning, including prepulse inhibition (PPI), sensory gating (SG), and antisaccade eye movement (AEM) in schizotypy and schizophrenia. As schizotypy and schizophrenia are in the same spectrum, understanding the nature of sensory and motor inhibitory weakness associated with schizotypy will optimize the prevention and intervention for both schizotypy and schizophrenia populations.

Single-Molecule Real-Time 3D Imaging of the Transcription Cycle by Modulation Interferometry.

Many essential cellular processes, such as gene control, employ elaborate mechanisms involving the coordination of large, multi-component molecular assemblies. Few structural biology tools presently have the combined spatial-temporal resolution and molecular specificity required to capture the movement, conformational changes, and subunit association-dissociation kinetics, three fundamental elements of how such intricate molecular machines work. Here, we report a 3D single-molecule super-resolution imaging study using modulation interferometry and phase-sensitive detection that achieves <2 nm axial localization precision, well below the few-nanometer-sized individual protein components.

Technique Tip: Single-Incision Endoscopic Plantar Fasciotomy.

Unlabelled: Two-incision endoscopic plantar fasciotomy (EPF) is an accepted surgical technique in the treatment of recalcitrant plantar fasciitis. Single-incision plantar fasciotomy is a relatively new technique in the surgeons' armamentarium; however, it is not without pitfalls, specifically poor visualization. This article aims to help the foot and ankle surgeon make a smooth transition from 2-incision EPF to single-incision EPF while maintaining optimum visualization.

Trends in Medicare Part D Medication Therapy Management Eligibility Criteria.

Background: To increase the enrollment rate of medication therapy management (MTM) programs in Medicare Part D plans, the US Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) lowered the allowable eligibility thresholds based on the number of chronic diseases and Part D drugs for Medicare Part D plans for 2010 and after. However, an increase in MTM enrollment rates has not been realized.

Objectives: To describe trends in MTM eligibility thresholds used by Medicare Part D plans and to identify patterns that may hinder enrollment in MTM programs.

Osteobiologics in foot and ankle surgery.

Osteobiological agents are a welcome addition to the surgeon’s armamentarium. These products should always be thought of as a complement to good surgical principles and construct. As history has shown, nothing outperforms the osteogenic properties of autograft bone.

Midfoot crush injuries.

Treatment of midfoot injuries is surgical or nonsurgical, depending on the injury, the location, and the extent of the injury. Minor injuries usually heal with casting or bracing, whereas more unstable injuries typically need surgery for stability. Whether the injury is in a weight-bearing portion of the foot is also a consideration for surgery.

Addressing stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction: biomechanically repairing the osseous structures without the need of performing the flexor digitorum longus transfer.

The clinical presentation of adult flatfoot can range from a flexible deformity with normal joint integrity to a rigid, arthritic flat foot. Debate still exists regarding the surgical management of stage II deformities, especially in the presence of medial column instability. This article reviews and discusses various surgical options for the correction of stage II flatfoot reconstructive procedures.

Correction of frontal plane rotation of sesamoid apparatus during the Lapidus procedure: a novel approach.

The Lapidus procedure affords correction of a multitude of first ray pathologic entities. When reconstructing the first ray using the Lapidus procedure, the relocation of the first metatarsal over the sesamoid bones with frontal plane rotation should be considered one of the key components. In the present technical report, we have described a bunion correction with emphasis on sesamoid reduction through indirect frontal plane manipulation.

Pediatric forefoot pathology.

Surgical management of the pediatric forefoot often brings challenges to the foot and ankle surgeon. It requires a thorough understanding of the pathologic abnormality and underlying causes involved, which include the contributing genetic conditions. Albeit most of the deformities carry a rare level of incidence, they do however have a significant level of psychological component and stress on the pediatric patient.