Oxygen control in cell culture - Your cells may not be experiencing what you think!

Oxygen (O)-controlled cell culture has been pivotal in studying mammalian mechanisms of O sensing, regulation, and utilization. We posit, however, that O-controlled cell culture is paradoxically not controlling O. There is overwhelming evidence that the pericellular O is lower than the surrounding gas phase due to cellular O consumption.

Controlling Pericellular Oxygen Tension in Cell Culture Reveals Distinct Breast Cancer Responses to Low Oxygen Tensions.

In oxygen (O)-controlled cell culture, an indispensable tool in biological research, it is presumed that the incubator setpoint equals the O tension experienced by cells (i.e., pericellular O).

Measuring Pericellular Oxygen Tension for In Vitro Cell Culture.

Cell culture, the process of growing cells in conditions that mimic those in the body, is a key technique in biomedical research. Oxygen is not controlled in conventional cell culture, although chambers that control oxygen in the surrounding gas phase are commercially available. In both cases, it is valuable to understand the pericellular oxygen tension (i.

Controlling pericellular oxygen tension in cell culture reveals distinct breast cancer responses to low oxygen tensions.

Oxygen (O) tension plays a key role in tissue function and pathophysiology. O-controlled cell culture, in which the O concentration in an incubator's gas phase is controlled, is an indispensable tool to study the role of O . For this technique, it is presumed that the incubator setpoint is equal to the O tension that cells experience (.

Hypoxia-inducing cryogels uncover key cancer-immune cell interactions in an oxygen-deficient tumor microenvironment.

Hypoxia is a major factor shaping the immune landscape, and several cancer models have been developed to emulate hypoxic tumors. However, to date, they still have several limitations, such as the lack of reproducibility, inadequate biophysical cues, limited immune cell infiltration, and poor oxygen (O) control, leading to non-pathophysiological tumor responses. Therefore, it is essential to develop better cancer models that mimic key features of the tumor extracellular matrix and recreate tumor-associated hypoxia while allowing cell infiltration and cancer-immune cell interactions.

Hypoxia-inducing cryogels uncover key cancer-immune cell interactions in an oxygen-deficient tumor microenvironment.

Hypoxia, an important feature of solid tumors, is a major factor shaping the immune landscape, and several cancer models have been developed to emulate hypoxic tumors. However, to date, they still have several limitations, such as the lack of reproducibility, inadequate biophysical cues, limited immune cell infiltration, and poor oxygen (O ) control, leading to non-pathophysiological tumor responses. As a result, it is essential to develop new and improved cancer models that mimic key features of the tumor extracellular matrix and recreate tumor-associated hypoxia while allowing cell infiltration and cancer-immune cell interactions.

Biomaterials and Oxygen Join Forces to Shape the Immune Response and Boost COVID-19 Vaccines.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to an unprecedented global health crisis, resulting in a critical need for effective vaccines that generate protective antibodies. Protein subunit vaccines represent a promising approach but often lack the immunogenicity required for strong immune stimulation. To overcome this challenge, it is first demonstrated that advanced biomaterials can be leveraged to boost the effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 protein subunit vaccines.

Oxygen-Generating Cryogels Restore T Cell Mediated Cytotoxicity in Hypoxic Tumors.

Solid tumors are protected from antitumor immune responses due to their hypoxic microenvironments. Weakening hypoxia-driven immunosuppression by hyperoxic breathing of 60% oxygen has shown to be effective in unleashing antitumor immune cells against solid tumors. However, efficacy of systemic oxygenation is limited against solid tumors outside of lungs and has been associated with unwanted side effects.

Electroconductive Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering: Current Status and Future Perspectives.

Over the past decade, electroconductive hydrogels, integrating both the biomimetic attributes of hydrogels and the electrochemical properties of conductive materials, have gained significant attention. Hydrogels, three-dimensional and swollen hydrophilic polymer networks, are an important class of tissue engineering (TE) scaffolds owing to their microstructural and mechanical properties, ability to mimic the native extracellular matrix, and promote tissue repair. However, hydrogels are intrinsically insulating and therefore unable to emulate the complex electrophysiological microenvironment of cardiac and neural tissues.

Phylogenomics and biogeography of Cunoniaceae (Oxalidales) with complete generic sampling and taxonomic realignments.

Premise: Cunoniaceae are a family of shrubs and trees with 27 genera and ca. 335 species, mostly confined to tropical and wet temperate zones of the southern hemisphere. There are several known issues regarding generic limits, and the family also displays a number of intriguing long-range disjunctions.

Harnessing biomaterials for therapeutic strategies against COVID-19.

With the emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the world is experiencing a profound human health crisis. The number of infections and deaths due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to increase every minute, pinpointing major shortcomings in our ability to prevent viral outbreaks. Although several COVID-19 vaccines have been recently approved for emergency use, therapeutic options remain limited, and their long-term potency has yet to be validated.

New Guinea has the world's richest island flora.

New Guinea is the world's largest tropical island and has fascinated naturalists for centuries. Home to some of the best-preserved ecosystems on the planet and to intact ecological gradients-from mangroves to tropical alpine grasslands-that are unmatched in the Asia-Pacific region, it is a globally recognized centre of biological and cultural diversity. So far, however, there has been no attempt to critically catalogue the entire vascular plant diversity of New Guinea.

Cryogelation and Cryogels.

Cryogenic processes are increasingly being utilized to create unique polymeric materials that tackle challenges mainly in the biomedical arena, environmental science, and field of food technology[...

Injectable Cryogels for Biomedical Applications.

To prevent postoperative complications, there has been a substantial interest in designing syringe-injectable hydrogels. To date, cryogels remain the only viable option for preformed and large-scale hydrogels to be delivered through a conventional needle-syringe injection. Cryogels, a type of hydrogel with exceptional features, are fabricated at subzero temperatures.

Bloom syndrome: research and data priorities for the development of precision medicine as identified by some affected families.

Bloom syndrome (BS) is a rare, autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by short stature, a skin rash associated with sun exposure, and an elevated likelihood of developing cancers of essentially all types, beginning at an early age. Cancer is the leading cause of death for persons with BS, and its early onset results in a reported median lifespan of <30 years. With fewer than 300 documented cases since BS was first described in 1954, its rarity has challenged progress in advancing both the care of and the cure for persons with BS.

Dietary nitrate supplementation improves exercise performance and decreases blood pressure in COPD patients.

Dietary nitrate (NO3(-)) supplementation via beetroot juice has been shown to increase the exercise capacity of younger and older adults. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of acute NO3(-) ingestion on the submaximal constant work rate exercise capacity of COPD patients. Fifteen patients were assigned in a randomized, single-blind, crossover design to receive one of two treatments (beetroot juice then placebo or placebo then beetroot juice).

Deforestation and plant diversity of Madagascar's littoral forests.

Few studies have attempted to quantify the reduction or document the floristic composition of forests in Madagascar. Thus, we focused specifically on deforestation and plant diversity in Madagascar's eastern littoral community. We used a data set of approximately 13,500 specimen records compiled from both historical and contemporary collections resulting from recent intensive inventory efforts to enumerate total plant species richness and to analyze the degree of endemism within littoral forests.