Radiographic Accuracy of Identifying Anterolateral Tibial Plafond Involvement in Pronation Abduction Ankle Fractures.

Objectives: To evaluate the incidence of anterolateral tibial plafond involvement in pronation-abduction (PAB) ankle fractures and analyze the accuracy of radiographs in detecting anterolateral tibial plafond involvement, impaction, and predicting the need for direct visualization and an articular reduction.

Design: A multi-institutional retrospective chart review.

Setting: Five Level 1 trauma centers in the United States.

Robotic-assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty Reduces Radiographic Outliers for Low-volume Total Knee Arthroplasty Surgeons.

Background: Most studies evaluating robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (RA TKA) analyzed the advantages offered to high-volume surgeons. This study aims to determine if RA TKA improves radiographic or clinical outcomes for low-volume, non-arthroplasty-trained surgeons.

Methods: Radiographic and early clinical outcomes of 19 RA TKAs and 41 conventional TKAs, all performed by a single, non-arthroplasty-trained orthopaedic surgeon, were compared.

Optimizing the Entry Point for Medullary Hip Screws.

Introduction: Medullary hip screws (MHSs) are the most common treatment of intertrochanteric hip fractures because they can be used for varied fracture patterns and resist shortening. Identifying the appropriate MHS entry point can be intellectually and technically challenging. We aimed to quantify the variability in the ideal entry point (IEP) for MHSs.

The role of relaxin in anterior cruciate ligament injuries: a systematic review.

Objective: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are exceedingly common among the athletic population and are seen with higher incidence in females. Observational studies have noted peak ACL tear rates in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, a time in which the hormone relaxin peaks in serum concentration.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed.

Preoperative Depression Is Associated With Increased Short-term Complications But Equivalent Long-term Outcomes in Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Concomitant depression negatively impacts outcomes following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) surveys are validated measures that quantify depression, pain, and physical function. We hypothesized that higher preoperative PROMIS-depression scores would be associated with inferior outcomes following TKA.

Optimizing the Entry Point for Reconstruction Nailing of the Femur.

Introduction: Varus after antegrade medullary nailing of the proximal femur is associated with worse outcomes. Anecdotally, a more medialized "trochiformis" entry is beneficial to avoid varus with valgus-bend (greater trochanteric entry) femoral nails. However, the optimal entry point remains unknown.

Serum CD64 as a Marker for Chronic Periprosthetic Joint Infection.

Background: Serum cluster of differentiation 64 (CD64) has emerged as a diagnostic test for musculoskeletal infections. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of serum CD64 in diagnosing periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) compared to conventional markers like white blood count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and interleukin-6 (IL-6).

Methods: A prospective case-control study on patients undergoing revision hip or knee arthroplasty surgery >6 weeks after their index surgery was performed at a single institution.

Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumor-induced Osteomalacia Masquerading as an Orthopedic Polytrauma Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor (PMT) is a rare benign tumor (500 cases to date) that can present in combination with a paraneoplastic syndrome called tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO). To the best of our knowledge, it is the first case to date that presented as an orthopedic trauma patient.

Case Report: This is a case of a 61-year-old male who initially presented as a polytrauma patient, but further investigation revealed a PMT causing TIO.

Revision total knee arthroplasty for arthrofibrosis improves range of motion.

Purpose: Arthrofibrosis after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a significant contributor to patient dissatisfaction. While treatment algorithms involve early physical therapy and manipulation under anaesthesia (MUA), some patients ultimately require revision TKA. It is unclear whether revision TKA can consistently improve these patient's range of motion (ROM).

Impact of Antibiotic-Impregnated Spacer Design in the Treatment of Periprosthetic Hip Infection.

Background: Although 2-stage exchange arthroplasty, consisting of temporary insertion of an antibiotic-impregnated cement spacer (AICS), is considered the standard of care for chronic periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in total hip arthroplasty (THA), a consensus on the AICS design has not yet been established. Ceramic-on-polyethylene AICSs (Poly-AICS) are theorized to cause less pain and better function than cement-on-bone AICS (CemB-AICS) but use non-antibiotic-impregnated components that may harbor bacteria. This study evaluates the impact of spacer design on infection-free survivorship following THA reimplantation as well as pain and function during the interim AICS stage.

Activity Recommendations After Total Hip and Total Knee Arthroplasty.

»: A formal unsupervised activity program should be recommended to all patients recovering from total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA).

»: In a subset of all patients undergoing TKA or THA, studies have found that an unsupervised activity program may be as efficacious as supervised physical therapy (PT) after surgery. Certain patients with inadequate independent function may continue to benefit from supervised PT.

The July Effect for Total Joint Arthroplasty Procedures.

The "July effect" refers to the assumed increased risk of complications during the months when medical school graduates transition to residency programs. The actual existence of a July effect is controversial. With this study, the authors sought to determine whether evidence exists for the presence of a July effect among total joint arthroplasty (TJA) procedures.

Is There an Optimal Cutoff for Aspiration Fluid Volume in the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infection?

Background: The diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection is often challenging in the setting of low aspiration volumes, or in the presence of infection with a slow-growing organism. We sought to determine if an optimal threshold of aspiration fluid volume exists when cultures from the preoperative aspiration are compared to intraoperative cultures.

Methods: All revision total hip and knee arthroplasty procedures over 5 years at our institution were reviewed.

The Veil of Obscuration: Additional Radiographic Sign of Posterior Shoulder Dislocation.

Objective: To describe a new radiographic sign, "veil of obscuration", associated with posterior glenohumeral joint (shoulder) dislocations and determine its incidence and validity compared to other known classic radiographic signs.

Methods: Four-year retrospective study identified 30 acute posterior shoulder dislocation patients. Radiographs reviewed in consensus by 2 musculoskeletal radiologists for the "veil of obscuration", seen on AP shoulder radiographs and representing a comminuted fracture of the lesser tuberosity projecting over the humeral head or glenohumeral joint.