Potential Therapeutic Targets for Combination Antibody Therapy Against Infections.

Despite the significant advances in antibiotic treatments and therapeutics, () remains a formidable pathogen, primarily due to its rapid acquisition of antibiotic resistance. Known for its array of virulence factors, including surface proteins that promote adhesion to host tissues, enzymes that break down host barriers, and toxins that contribute to immune evasion and tissue destruction, poses a serious health threat. Both the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) classify as an ESKAPE pathogen, recognizing it as a critical threat to global health.

Lateral Meniscal Root Displacement into the Popliteal Hiatus in a Multiligamentous Knee Injury: A Case Report.

Case: A 45-year-old female patient presented with left knee pain after a ski accident. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed complete rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament, posterior cruciate ligament, proximal Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL), and medial patellofemoral ligament. The lateral meniscal root was torn with the posterior horn incarcerated superiorly into the popliteal hiatus, rendering high risk of plastic deformation.

COVID-19 Diagnosis and SARS-CoV-2 Strain Identification by a Rapid, Multiplexed, Point-of-Care Antibody Microarray.

Antigen tests to detect SARS-CoV-2 have emerged as a promising rapid diagnostic method for COVID-19, but they are unable to differentiate between variants of concern (VOCs). Here, we report a rapid point-of-care test (POC-T), termed CoVariant-SPOT, that uses a set of antibodies that are either tolerant or intolerant to spike protein mutations to identify the likely SARS-CoV-2 strain concurrent with COVID-19 diagnosis using antibodies targeting the nucleocapsid protein. All reagents are incorporated into a portable, multiplexed, and sensitive diagnostic platform built upon a nonfouling polymer brush.

Phase I Study of Niraparib in Combination with Radium-223 for the Treatment of Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: To identify the safety of niraparib, a PARP inhibitor, in combination with Radium-223 for the treatment of metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in men without known BRCA mutations.

Patients And Methods: Men with progressive mCPRC following ≥1 line of androgen receptor (AR)-targeted therapy and bone metastases but no documented BRCA-1 or BRCA-2 alterations or bulky visceral disease were included. Niraparib dose was escalated in combination with standard dosing of Radium-223 using a time-to-event continual reassessment method.

Prognostic Value of GIMAP4 and Its Role in Promoting Immune Cell Infiltration into Tumor Microenvironment of Lung Adenocarcinoma.

GIMAPs are recognized as an important regulator in the carcinogenesis and development of lung cancer, but the function of GIMAP4 in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of lung cancers is unclear. In this study, we investigated the expression and variation of GIMAP4 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), to explore its association with infiltration of immune cells. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data were analyzed.

Molecular lung cancer: How targeted therapies and personalized medicine are re-defining cancer care.

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death in the United States and is unfortunately still frequently diagnosed in the metastatic setting, where the disease is considered incurable. Nearly 30% of these cancers may be driven by specific mutations that promote tumor growth and proliferation. These mutations are observed more frequently in young patients without significant smoking history and in certain racial and ethnic backgrounds.

Isolation of extracellular vesicles with multivalent aptamers.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-enclosed submicron-sized vesicles that are secreted by all eukaryotic cells. EVs can selectively encapsulate tissue-specific small molecules from parent cells and efficiently deliver them to recipient cells. As signal mediators of intercellular communication, the molecules packaged in EVs play critical roles in the pathophysiology of diseases.

Conferring receptors on recipient cells with extracellular vesicles for targeted drug delivery.

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous subset of breast cancer characterized by its lack of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which altogether prevents TNBC from being treated effectively. For many years, the treatment paradigms and overall survival of patients with TNBC have remained largely stagnant. Recent attempts to convert cold tumors to hot tumors by promoting antigen presentation have shown increased T cell infiltration and significantly induced immune responses for tumor killing.

Factors influencing the measurement of the secretion rate of extracellular vesicles.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived vesicles which encapsulate a variety of molecules. Numerous studies have demonstrated EVs as signaling mediators of intercellular communication and are heavily involved under physiological and pathological conditions. In translational medicine, EVs have been used for disease diagnosis and treatment monitoring.

Primary Dural Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma: A Comprehensive Review of Survival and Treatment Outcomes.

Primary dural diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PD-DLBCL) is a rare and aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that can present in intracranial or intraspinal locations. Although the optimal management is unknown, PD-DLBCL therapy is often mirrored after primary central nervous system lymphoma therapy and aggressive treatment with a high dose methotrexate-based regimen is frequently used. Our comprehensive, retrospective study of 24 reported cases of PD-DLBCL provide the most complete analysis of this rare disease including data on biology, treatment outcomes, and survival.

Isolation and Retrieval of Extracellular Vesicles for Liquid Biopsy of Malignant Ground-Glass Opacity.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-released vesicles of submicrometer size. EVs contain a tissue-specific signature wherein a variety of proteins and nucleic acids are selectively packaged. Recent studies validate that EVs can be used for cancer diagnostics, staging, and treatment monitoring.

Dysregulated mTORC1 renders cells critically dependent on desaturated lipids for survival under tumor-like stress.

Solid tumors exhibit heterogeneous microenvironments, often characterized by limiting concentrations of oxygen (O2), glucose, and other nutrients. How oncogenic mutations alter stress response pathways, metabolism, and cell survival in the face of these challenges is incompletely understood. Here we report that constitutive mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity renders hypoxic cells dependent on exogenous desaturated lipids, as levels of de novo synthesized unsaturated fatty acids are reduced under low O2.

Endothelial HIF-2α regulates murine pathological angiogenesis and revascularization processes.

Localized tissue hypoxia is a consequence of vascular compromise or rapid cellular proliferation and is a potent inducer of compensatory angiogenesis. The oxygen-responsive transcriptional regulator hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α) is highly expressed in vascular ECs and, along with HIF-1α, activates expression of target genes whose products modulate vascular functions and angiogenesis. However, the mechanisms by which HIF-2α regulates EC function and tissue perfusion under physiological and pathological conditions are poorly understood.