A Two-Hit Approach Inducing Flurothyl Seizures in Fmr1 Knockout Mice Impacts Anxiety and Repetitive Behaviors.

Background: Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is the leading monogenetic cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and is associated with seizures. We examined the impact of repeated seizures on the behavioral and molecular changes in male Fmr1 knockout (KO) mice and wild-type (WT) mice.

Methods: Seizures were induced by administering three flurothyl seizures per day across postnatal days (PD) 7-11, for a total of 15 seizures.

Agomelatine Is Unable to Attenuate Kainic Acid-Induced Deficits in Early Life Communicative Behavior.

Early life seizures are associated with a variety of behavioral comorbidities. Among the most prevalent of these are deficits in communication. Auditory communicative behaviors in mice, known as ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs), can be used to assess potential treatments.

Neonatal immune stimulation results in sex-specific changes in ultrasonic vocalizations but does not affect seizure susceptibility in neonatal mice.

Neuroinflammation during the neonatal period has been linked to disorders such as autism and epilepsy. In this study, we investigated the early life behavioral consequences of a single injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at postnatal day 10 (PD10) in mice. To assess deficits in communication, we performed the isolation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) test at PD12.

Plexin-B1 and Plexin-B2 play non-redundant roles in GABAergic synapse formation.

Synapse formation in the mammalian brain is a complex and dynamic process requiring coordinated function of dozens of molecular families such as cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and ligand-receptor pairs (Ephs/Ephrins, Neuroligins/Neurexins, Semaphorins/Plexins). Due to the large number of molecular players and possible functional redundancies within gene families, it is challenging to determine the precise synaptogenic roles of individual molecules, which is key to understanding the consequences of mutations in these genes for brain function. Furthermore, few molecules are known to exclusively regulate either GABAergic or glutamatergic synapses, and cell and molecular mechanisms underlying GABAergic synapse formation in particular are not thoroughly understood.

Plexin-B1 and Plexin-B2 play non-redundant roles in GABAergic synapse formation.

Synapse formation in the mammalian brain is a complex and dynamic process requiring coordinated function of dozens of molecular families such as cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and ligand-receptor pairs (Ephs/Ephrins, Neuroligins/Neurexins, Semaphorins/Plexins). Due to the large number of molecular players and possible functional redundancies within gene families, it is challenging to determine the precise synaptogenic roles of individual molecules, which is key to understanding the consequences of mutations in these genes for brain function. Furthermore, few molecules are known to exclusively regulate either GABAergic or glutamatergic synapses, and cell and molecular mechanisms underlying GABAergic synapse formation in particular are not thoroughly understood.

Vitamin D supplementation positively affects activity but impairs stimulus response behavior in an age and sex specific manner in C57BL/6 mice.

Several studies have begun to demonstrate the possible cognitive and physiological benefits of a fortified vitamin D diet. However, the behavioral effects of a high vitamin D fortified diet during adolescence has not been fully explored. In the present study, a 4-week vitamin D fortified diet (20,000 IU/Kg) compared to controls (1500 IU/Kg) was administered during the juvenile (4 weeks old) or early adult period (8 weeks old) in C57BL/6 J mice to investigate the effects of fortification on cognition, behavior, and their bone phenotype.

Evaluating the DeepSqueak and Mouse Song Analyzer vocalization analysis systems in C57BL/6J, FVB.129, and FVB neonates.

Background: Communication is an essential behavior in mammals. Alterations in communication (neonatal crying) characterize numerous human neurodevelopmental conditions. Mice produce communicative vocalizations, known as ultrasonic vocalizations, (USVs) that can be recorded.

Management of Autoimmune Status Epilepticus.

Status epilepticus is a neurological emergency with increased morbidity and mortality. Urgent diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent irreversible brain damage. In this mini review, we will discuss the recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune status epilepticus (ASE), a rare form of the disorder encountered in the intensive care unit.