The Spectrum of Duodenal Histologic Findings in Patients With Trisomy 21: A Multicenter Study.

Objectives: Patients with Trisomy 21 (T21) commonly have gastrointestinal symptoms and diseases that prompt evaluation with esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Our objective is to characterize duodenal histological abnormalities in these patients when undergoing EGD. A secondary aim is to explore associations of histologic findings with different therapies.

Acute Ankle Sprains.

Understanding the types of ankle sprains is essential in determining the most appropriate treatment and preventing substantial missed time from sports. Commonly known and recognized is an acute lateral ankle sprain, however, a differentiation should also be made to understand high (syndesmotic) ankle sprains as the mechanism of injury and recovery periods differ between these two types.

A single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomic atlas of the COVID-19 liver reveals topological, functional, and regenerative organ disruption in patients.

The molecular underpinnings of organ dysfunction in acute COVID-19 and its potential long-term sequelae are under intense investigation. To shed light on these in the context of liver function, we performed single-nucleus RNA-seq and spatial transcriptomic profiling of livers from 17 COVID-19 decedents. We identified hepatocytes positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA with an expression phenotype resembling infected lung epithelial cells.

A single-cell atlas of human and mouse white adipose tissue.

White adipose tissue, once regarded as morphologically and functionally bland, is now recognized to be dynamic, plastic and heterogenous, and is involved in a wide array of biological processes including energy homeostasis, glucose and lipid handling, blood pressure control and host defence. High-fat feeding and other metabolic stressors cause marked changes in adipose morphology, physiology and cellular composition, and alterations in adiposity are associated with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes. Here we provide detailed cellular atlases of human and mouse subcutaneous and visceral white fat at single-cell resolution across a range of body weight.

Telehealth for patients with rare epilepsies.

Recent developments in technology and exigencies of the COVID-19 pandemic have spurred innovations for telehealth in patients with rare epilepsies. This review details the many ways telehealth may be used in the diagnosis and management of rare, pharmacoresistant epilepsy and documents our experience as measured by surveying caregivers of pediatric patients with epilepsy. Most components of the epilepsy evaluation, including history and examination, neuroimaging, and electroencephalogram (EEG) can be performed or reviewed remotely, assuming similar technique and quality of diagnostic studies.

Metastatic adult Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma with gene fusion in complete remission.

Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for most pediatric cases of RCC but is uncommon in adults. It has an aggressive course in adults with poor response to chemoradiation. We describe a 64-year-old man with Xp11 translocation RCC who achieved complete remission following surgery and chemoimmunotherapy.

Don't Ditch the Laptop Just Yet: A Direct Replication of Mueller and Oppenheimer's (2014) Study 1 Plus Mini Meta-Analyses Across Similar Studies.

In this direct replication of Mueller and Oppenheimer's (2014) Study 1, participants watched a lecture while taking notes with a laptop ( = 74) or longhand ( = 68). After a brief distraction and without the opportunity to study, they took a quiz. As in the original study, laptop participants took notes containing more words spoken verbatim by the lecturer and more words overall than did longhand participants.

Prostate Cancer Incidence in U.S. Counties and Low Levels of Arsenic in Drinking Water.

Although inorganic arsenic in drinking water at high levels (100s-1000s μg/L [ppb]) increases cancer risk (skin, bladder, lung, and possibly prostate), the evidence at lower levels is limited. : We conducted an ecologic analysis of the dose-response relationship between prostate cancer incidence and low arsenic levels in drinking water in a large study of U.S.

A Quantitative Assessment of Gluten Cross-contact in the School Environment for Children With Celiac Disease.

Objectives: A gluten-free (GF) diet is the primary treatment for celiac disease (CD). Gluten is used in schools, particularly in early childhood, art, and home-economics classrooms. This study aimed to measure gluten transfer from school supplies to GF foods that a child with CD may eat.

Genome Sequence of Mycobacteriophage Phayonce.

Mycobacteriophage Phayonce is a newly isolated phage recovered from a soil sample in Pittsburgh, PA, using Mycobacterium smegmatis mc(2)155 as a host. Phayonce's genome is 49,203 bp long and contains 77 protein-coding genes, 23 of them having predicted functions. Phayonce shares a strong similarity in nucleotide sequence with phages of cluster P.

Genome Sequences of Cluster G Mycobacteriophages Cambiare, FlagStaff, and MOOREtheMARYer.

Mycobacteriophages Cambiare, FlagStaff, and MOOREtheMARYer are newly isolated phages of Mycobacterium smegmatis mc(2) 155 recovered from soil samples in Pittsburgh, PA. All three genomes are closely related to cluster G mycobacteriophages but differ sufficiently in nucleotide sequence and gene content to warrant division of cluster G into several subclusters.

Genome Sequences of Mycobacteriophages AlanGrant, Baee, Corofin, OrangeOswald, and Vincenzo, New Members of Cluster B.

AlanGrant, Baee, Corofin, OrangeOswald, and Vincenzo are newly isolated phages of Mycobacterium smegmatis mc(2)155 discovered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. All five phages share nucleotide similarity with cluster B mycobacteriophages but span considerable diversity with Corofin and OrangeOswald in subcluster B3, AlanGrant and Vincenzo in subcluster B4, and Baee in subcluster B5.

Adult primary pulmonary primitive neuroectodermal tumor: molecular features and translational opportunities.

Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) arising directly from the lung are very rare but particularly aggressive neoplasms. We report a case of a 31-y-old man with primary pulmonary neuroectodermal tumor. We review the clinical as well as pathological features.

One thousand repeat sternotomies for congenital cardiac surgery: risk factors for reentry injury.

Background: Reentry injury is a risk associated with repeat sternotomy for cardiac surgery. This risk has been well defined for adults, but there is less information available for patients with congenital heart disease. The goal of this review was to identify the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes for reentry injury in patients with congenital heart disease.

Perioperative risks and outcomes of atrioventricular valve surgery in conjunction with Fontan procedure.

Background: Long-term outcomes of staged single-ventricle palliation can be impaired by atrioventricular valve (AVV) regurgitation. Atrioventricular valve repair or replacement has been shown to improve late outcomes, but little data exist regarding the associated perioperative morbidity. This study aimed to evaluate the additional perioperative risks associated with single-ventricle AVV surgery.

Ubiquitin binds to and regulates a subset of SH3 domains.

SH3 domains are modules of 50-70 amino acids that promote interactions among proteins, often participating in the assembly of large dynamic complexes. These domains bind to peptide ligands, which usually contain a core Pro-X-X-Pro (PXXP) sequence. Here we identify a class of SH3 domains that bind to ubiquitin.

Acustimulation wrist bands are not effective for the control of chemotherapy-induced nausea in women with breast cancer.

This experiment examined the efficacy of an acustimulation wrist band for the relief of chemotherapy-induced nausea using a randomized three-arm clinical trial (active acustimulation, sham acustimulation, and no acustimulation) in 96 women with breast cancer who experienced nausea at their first chemotherapy treatment. Five outcomes related to wrist band efficacy (acute nausea, delayed nausea, vomiting, QOL, and total amount of antiemetic medication used) were examined. The five outcomes were examined separately using analysis of covariance controlling for age and severity of past nausea.