Comparison of transvalvular flow rate in aortic stenosis subtypes.

Objectives: Evaluate ET and TVFR in normal patients, PLFLGAS, LGLFAS, and classic pre and post TAVR.

Background: Severe aortic stenosis (AS) is defined echocardiographically. Generating a pressure gradient to meet diagnostic criteria is dependent on left ventricular contractility, stroke volume, and ejection time.

A subset of broadly responsive Type III taste cells contribute to the detection of bitter, sweet and umami stimuli.

Taste receptor cells use multiple signaling pathways to detect chemicals in potential food items. These cells are functionally grouped into different types: Type I cells act as support cells and have glial-like properties; Type II cells detect bitter, sweet, and umami taste stimuli; and Type III cells detect sour and salty stimuli. We have identified a new population of taste cells that are broadly tuned to multiple taste stimuli including bitter, sweet, sour, and umami.

Differential Effects of Diet and Weight on Taste Responses in Diet-Induced Obese Mice.

Objective: Previous studies have reported that individuals with obesity have reduced taste perception, but the relationship between obesity and taste is poorly understood. Earlier work has demonstrated that diet-induced obesity directly impairs taste. Currently, it is not clear whether these changes to taste are due to obesity or to the high-fat diet exposure.