Publications by authors named "Zachariah G W Ow"
Single-staged cartilage repair techniques have shown great clinical efficacy in the treatment of articular cartilage defects of the knee, particularly when using bilayered acellular scaffolds augmented with bone marrow aspirate concentrate. We describe an all-arthroscopic approach to the single-staged cartilage repair procedure using a porcine-derived collagen I/III bilayered scaffold that is templated arthroscopically and augmented with bone marrow aspirate concentrate, in the treatment of critically sized articular defects of the knee.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Matrix-induced chondrogenesis (MIC) is a promising treatment option for critical-size cartilage lesions of the knee; however, there exists substantial heterogeneity in the choice of acellular scaffold matrix for MIC cartilage repairs.
Hypothesis: The choice of acellular matrix will not affect patient outcomes after MIC cartilage repair procedures, and the addition of concentrated bone marrow aspirate (cBMA) will improve short-term patient outcomes regardless of matrix choice.
Study Design: Meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 4.
Background: Meniscal allograft transplant (MAT) is an important treatment option for young patients with deficient menisci; however, there is a lack of consensus on the optimal method of allograft fixation.
Hypothesis: The various methods of MAT fixation have measurable and significant differences in outcomes.
Study Design: Meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 4.
Article Synopsis
- - The review conducts a meta-analysis to estimate the outcomes of meniscus repair after surgery, focusing on failure rates and other clinical results over different postoperative time frames.
- - Results show that meniscal repair failure rates increase from 12% within the first year to 19% by six years post-surgery, with similar rates observed when repairs are done alongside ACL reconstruction.
- - The development of osteoarthritis after meniscus repair was noted to be 4% at 2-3 years and 10% at 4-6 years, particularly in patients whose knees were previously healthy.
Article Synopsis
- The study aims to understand the effectiveness of biologic therapies, specifically anti-TNF-α agents, in preventing postoperative recurrence (POR) of Crohn's disease (CD).
- A systematic review and meta-analysis identified the POR rates at various time points after surgery, revealing significant recurrence rates at 1 and 5 years.
- The results suggest that while anti-TNF-α agents effectively reduce clinical, endoscopic, and surgical POR, the timing of treatment initiation does not significantly impact these rates, and both infliximab and adalimumab have similar efficacy.
Background: Recent clinical trials have demonstrated favorable outcomes associated with trans-anal colonic pull-through for rectal resection followed by delayed coloanal anastomoses (DCA), resulting in a resurgence in popularity of the technique. This meta-analysis aims to review existing literature to evaluate the postoperative complications associated with DCA, and to make comparisons with immediate coloanal anastomoses (ICA) after colorectal resection to assess the suitability of DCA as an alternative form of surgical treatment.
Methods: Medline and Embase databases were reviewed from inception until 31 July 2020 in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate how effective bisphosphonates are in increasing bone mineral density (BMD) and reducing fractures in patients who have undergone orthotopic liver transplants (OLT).
- A total of nine studies were analyzed, indicating that bisphosphonates led to significantly lower fracture rates (6.6%) compared to calcium and vitamin D (19.1%).
- While both oral and IV bisphosphonates were beneficial, oral formulations were more effective than IV in reducing bone loss and fractures post-OLT.
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) requiring primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) worldwide. In this review we examine the global effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on incidence of STEMI admissions, and relationship between the pandemic and door to balloon time (D2B), all-cause mortality, and other secondary STEMI outcomes.
Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to primarily compare D2B time and in-hospital mortality of STEMI patients who underwent primary PCI during and before the pandemic.
Article Synopsis
- Osteoporosis is a major complication after liver transplants, with a notable increase in cases and fractures compared to non-transplant patients.
- A meta-analysis found that 34.53% of liver transplant patients develop osteopenia, 11.68% osteoporosis, and 20.40% experience fractures.
- Key risk factors for fractures include older age, lower bone mineral density before the transplant, and pre-existing bone diseases, while being female does raise osteoporosis risk but not fracture risk.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates risk factors for thyroid eye disease (TED) in patients with Graves' disease (GD), aiming to aid in its prevention and management.
- It analyzes data from 56 articles, finding that smoking significantly increases the risk of developing TED, along with factors like age and male sex.
- The results suggest a need for targeted management strategies to address modifiable risks, particularly smoking, in patients with Graves' disease to prevent or manage TED effectively.
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly impacted healthcare institutions worldwide. Particularly, orthopedic departments had to adapt their operational models.
Purpose: This review aimed to quantify the reduction in surgical and outpatient caseloads, identify other significant trends and ascertain the impact of these trends on orthopedic residency training programs.
Conventional colectomy, and the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum (JSCCR) D2 Lymphadenectomy (LND2), are currently considered standard of care for surgical management of colon cancer. Colectomy with complete mesocolic excision (CME) and JSCCR D3 Lymphadenectomy (LND3) are more radical alternative approaches and provide a greater degree of lymph nodal clearance. However, controversy exists over the long-term benefits of CME/LND3 over non-CME colectomies (NCME)/LND2.
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