Cognitive impairment in patients with melanoma before adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and associations with brain gray matter, catechol-O-methyltransferase genotype, and psychological factors.

Background: Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a significant concern in patients with cancer but understanding its prevalence and risk factors in patients with malignant melanoma (MMPs) remains limited. This study explores CRCI via a multifaceted approach integrating neurobiological, genetic, and psychological assessments.

Methods: Cognitive functioning across multiple domains was assessed via neuropsychological tests in 47 MMPs before adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, compared with 53 matched healthy controls (HCs).

Positive health outcomes of mindfulness-based interventions for cancer patients and survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are commonly used for cancer patients and survivors to reduce symptoms, but little is known about effects on positive health outcomes. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effects of MBIs on positive health outcomes (mindfulness skills, self-compassion, positive affect, coping, social support, well-being, personal growth, and spirituality) in cancer patients and survivors. Four databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and CINAH) were searched (grey literature was not included), abstracts and full texts were screened, and MBI quality and risk of bias were assessed.

Efficacy of eHealth Versus In-Person Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Equivalence.

Background: Insomnia is a prevalent condition with significant health, societal, and economic impacts. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) is recommended as the first-line treatment. With limited accessibility to in-person-delivered CBTI (ipCBTI), electronically delivered eHealth CBTI (eCBTI), ranging from telephone- and videoconference-delivered interventions to fully automated web-based programs and mobile apps, has emerged as an alternative.

Is something rotten in the state of Denmark? Cross-national evidence for widespread involvement but not systematic use of questionable research practices across all fields of research.

Questionable research practices (QRP) are believed to be widespread, but empirical assessments are generally restricted to a few types of practices. Furthermore, conceptual confusion is rife with use and prevalence of QRPs often being confused as the same quantity. We present the hitherto most comprehensive study examining QRPs across scholarly fields and knowledge production modes.

A comparative analysis of fear of cancer recurrence in patients with small renal masses: Active surveillance versus cryoablation.

Background And Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) in patients diagnosed with a small renal mass (SRM) and managed with either active surveillance (AS) or minimal invasive renal cryoablation (CA).

Patients/material And Methods: A total of 398 patients with SRMs (263 AS and 135 CA patients) were retrospectively identified across three institutions and invited to complete the Fear of Cancer Recurrence-Short Form (FCRI-SF) questionnaire.

Results: No statistically significant differences in FCRI-SF score were observed between the AS (mean = 10.

The association between empathy and burnout in medical students: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Burnout levels in medical students are higher than in other student groups. Empathy is an increasingly desired outcome of medical schools. Empathy is negatively associated with burnout in physicians.

Interventions for insomnia in cancer patients and survivors-a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Considering the persistent nature and higher prevalence of insomnia in cancer patients and survivors compared with the general population, there is a need for effective management strategies. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the available evidence for the efficacy of pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions for insomnia in adult cancer patients and survivors.

Methods: Following the PRISMA guidelines, we analyzed data from 61 randomized controlled trials involving 6528 participants.

Grief-focused cognitive behavioral therapies for prolonged grief symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Studies suggest that cognitive behavioral therapies (CBTs) may be efficacious in reducing symptoms of prolonged grief disorder (PGD), but no comprehensive overview and pooled estimate of CBTs' effect on PGD in adulthood exist. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Method: Studies were selected independently by two researchers based on a systematic literature search in Pubmed, APA PsycInfo, Web of Science, and Embase.

Through Clinicians Eyes: Use of an In-consultation Patient Decision Aid in Radiation Treatment for Early Breast Cancer. A Qualitative Study.

Introduction: Shared decision making (SDM) has become a crucial element on the political agenda and represents a vital aspect of modern healthcare. However, successful implementation of SDM highly depends on the attitude of clinicians towards SDM. The overall aim of our study was to explore the experience of oncologists and nurses with SDM using the Decision Helper, an in-consultation decision aid, at four Danish radiotherapy departments.

Shared decision making with breast cancer patients - does it work? Results of the cluster-randomized, multicenter DBCG RT SDM trial.

Background And Purpose: Shared decision making (SDM) is a patient engaging process advocated especially for preference-sensitive decisions, such as adjuvant treatment after breast cancer. An increasing call for patient engagement in decision making highlights the need for a systematic SDM approach. The objective of this trial was to investigate whether the Decision Helper (DH), an in-consultation patient decision aid, increases patient engagement in decisions regarding adjuvant whole breast irradiation.

Risk factors for prolonged grief symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The diagnosis Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) has recently been included in ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR. To identify individuals who need help coping with grief, knowledge is needed about who is at risk of developing PGD. We, therefore, conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the available literature on risk factors for prolonged grief symptoms (PGS).

Insomnia in adult patients with cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline.

• Insomnia is common in patients with cancer, with a higher prevalence than observed in the general population. • Insomnia is often under-recognised and inadequately treated in patients with cancer. • Brief validated screening tools are available for the evaluation of insomnia in clinical practice.

Examining the efficacy of treatments for arm lymphedema in breast cancer survivors: an overview of systematic reviews with meta-analyses.

Background: Lymphedema affects one in six breast cancer survivors making it a global healthcare challenge. There is considerable debate about the efficacy of different treatments for lymphedema. We aimed to summarize the current evidence for treatments for lymphedema in breast cancer survivors.

Engaging carers in neuropsychological rehabilitation for brain cancer survivors: The "I'm aware: Patients And Carers Together" (ImPACT) program.

Background: Cognitive impairment is a common late effect in child and adult brain cancer survivors (BCS). Still, there is a dearth of research aimed at therapeutic interventions and no standard treatment options for most BCS.

Objective: To describe 1) a novel neuropsychological rehabilitation program for BCS - the "I'm aware: Patients And Carers Together" (ImPACT) program, and 2) two studies that aim to assess the feasibility of the ImPACT program in child and adult BCS, respectively.

Biopsychosocial Late Effects After Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Peritoneal Metastases from Colorectal and Appendiceal Cancer: A National Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Colorectal cancer with peritoneal metastases can be treated with cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Treatment may result in biopsychosocial late effects (LEs). We explored the frequency and severity of the following biopsychosocial LEs: anxiety, depression, fear of cancer recurrence (FCR), insomnia, fatigue, cognitive impairment, and pain, and evaluated their impact on quality of life (QoL).

The effect of experimental emotion induction on experimental pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The idea that emotions can influence pain is generally recognized. However, a synthesis of the numerous individual experimental studies on this subject is lacking. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize the existing evidence on the effect of experimental emotion induction on experimental pain in nonclinical adults.

Breast-Conserving Surgery or Mastectomy?: Impact on Survival.

Unlabelled: The early randomized controlled trials revealed no differences in survival between breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and mastectomy. However, breast cancer treatment has undergone changes, and the results of recent population-based registry studies suggest superior long-term survival after BCS. To explore the current evidence, a systematic review and meta-ana lysis of population-based observational studies from 2010 and onward was conducted.

ConquerFear-Group: A randomized controlled trial of an online-delivered group-based psychological intervention for fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer survivors.

Objective: Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is a distressing concern among cancer survivors. Interventions to address FCR need to be effective but also accessible and low cost. This randomized controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of an online group-based psychological intervention for FCR (ConquerFear-Group).

Psychological intervention for gambling disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Increasingly, gambling features migrate into non-gambling platforms (e.g., online gaming) making gambling exposure and problems more likely.

Psychological and behavioral symptoms in patients with melanoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Improved survival rates have made it increasingly important for clinicians to focus on cancer survivorship issues affecting the quality of life of melanoma patients. To provide a comprehensive overview of the disease and treatment-related issues affecting such patients, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to estimate the prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and cognitive problems among melanoma patients, both uveal and cutaneous, before, during and after treatment.

Methods: The review was preregistered with PROSPERO (#CRD42020189847) and reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.