Parental and training coaches' knowledge and attitude towards dental trauma management of children.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate parental and training coaches' knowledge and attitude towards traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) among children.

Material And Methods: A 31-item questionnaire was distributed to the parents and training coaches attending local sporting clubs in Brisbane region, Australia. The questionnaire consisted of five parts (i) demographic and professional information; (ii) TDIs in the primary dentition; (iii) fractures and subluxation of permanent teeth (iv) avulsion of permanent teeth, and (v) information and knowledge related to the management of traumatized teeth.

Frequency and characteristics of medical emergencies in an Australian dental school: A retrospective study.

Purpose/objectives: The frequency of medical emergencies in a dental setting is relatively low. However, most dental treatment occurs outside of a hospital setting; thus the time to respond to a life-threatening situation is crucial. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and characteristics of medical emergencies that occurred at the Griffith University Dental Clinic over a 6-year period.

A Retrospective Analysis of Non-Sharps-Related Injuries in a Dental School.

Objectives: Workplace non-sharps injuries are a common occurrence in a dental school setting. In dentistry, the importance of preventing non-sharps injuries is often overlooked due to emphasis on sharps-related injuries. The aim of this research was to analyse the incidences of non-sharps injuries over an 11-year period in a dental school to identify trends and the possible causative factors for these injuries.

Identifying Trends of Percutaneous Injuries at an Australian Dental School.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to retrospectively examine trends in percutaneous exposure incidences (PEIs) at the School of Dentistry (SoD) from 2009 to 2019 and to report on the underreporting rate of PEIs, current attitudes, and awareness of PEI safety protocols from clinical staff and students at the SoD in 2019.

Methods: Retrospective data were collected from deidentified archival incident reports from 2009 to 2019 from the SoD's incident reporting system (UQSafe and Legacy Database). Additionally, cross-sectional data were collected via the validated Percutaneous Exposure Incident Questionnaires (PEIQ) completed by clinical staff and students of the SoD in 2019.

Percutaneous exposure injuries amongst dental staff and students at a university dental clinic in Australia: A 6-year retrospective study.

Purpose/objectives: Dental care providers are at risk of percutaneous exposure injuries (PEIs) due to the intimate nature of the patient-dentist environment and the routine use of sharp instruments. They are the most vulnerable to accidental exposure of blood-borne viruses. The aim of this study was to determine the types of PEIs sustained by staff and students at the Griffith University Dental Clinic over a 6-year period.

Pedagogical development in local anaesthetic training in paediatric dentistry using virtual reality simulator.

Purpose: With the advancements in technology, dental pedagogy has also evolved, and new learning technologies have emerged. Virtual reality (VR) as an education tool in dentistry is underutilised. VR as an adjunct in local anaesthesia (LA) teaching in paediatric dentistry has not been investigated.

Knowledge of Oral Cancer Amongst Dental Patients Attending Public Clinics in South East Queensland, Australia.

Patient knowledge of risk factors, signs and symptoms associated with oral cancers is crucial for increasing the likelihood of patient presentation for opportunistic screening and reducing delay in patient appraisal for early detection. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of oral cancer and to ascertain socio-demographic factors that influence knowledge amongst adult dental patients attending public clinics in Brisbane, Australia. A convenience sample of 213 adult dental patients who attended the Herston and Stafford public health clinics in Brisbane, Australia, between July and August 2019 participated in the self-administered questionnaire.

Dental trauma simulation training using a novel 3D printed tooth model.

Background/aim: Opportunities for dental students to obtain experience in the management of traumatic dental injuries are limited, and most encounter their first trauma patient after graduation. Recognizing this need, the aim of this study was to investigate dental students' experiences of a workshop using a 3D printed tooth. The hypothesis was that the simulation experience with the aid of a 3D printed tooth would enhance their learning experience.

Social and behavioural determinants of areca nut consumption in adolescents.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of areca nut consumption and to identify social and behavioural determinants among a Taiwanese adolescent population.

Subjects And Methods: A random sample of 5,343 high school students aged between 15-18 years in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, participated in the study. Participants underwent a clinical dental examination and completed a self-administered questionnaire.

Evaluation of HoloHuman augmented reality application as a novel educational tool in dentistry.

Aims: To investigate dental student's perception of the augmented reality (AR) head and neck anatomy application and to determine whether the learning environment was beneficial for students compared with traditional cadaver learning.

Methods: A total of 88 students participated in a self-administered questionnaire prior to and after the use of AR. This was conducted during anatomy classes for second-year dentistry students.

Awareness and knowledge of oral cancer amongst adult dental patients attending regional university clinics in New South Wales, Australia: a questionnaire-based study.

Background: Greater awareness and knowledge of oral cancer has been shown to increase patient presentation for opportunistic screening. This study aimed to identify the level of awareness and knowledge of oral cancer amongst adult patients in regional New South Wales.

Methods: A total of 444 adult dental patients participated in a self-administered questionnaire at one of five regional university dental clinics between 23 May and 25 July.

Should retention of a tooth be an important goal of dentistry? How do you decide whether to retain and restore a tooth requiring endodontic treatment or to extract and if possible replace the tooth?

Whether a questionable tooth should be treated endodontically or extracted, is still a dilemma clinicians encounter every day. With advances in technology such as implantology, deciding whether or not to save a tooth is still not clear. Local site-specific factors and patient-related factors that may affect the longevity of a particular tooth should be considered in preparing the treatment plan.

Volume sensitive 36Cl fluxes in L6 myoblasts.

Efflux of 36Cl ions was followed in undifferentiated L6 myoblasts at rest and after exposure to hypotonic saline in order to test participation of the chloride exit in regulatory volume decrease mechanism. The efflux curve can be fitted at least with two time constants. After the hypotonic stress the slow rate constant increases almost threefold, from 0.

A note on the cellular effects of nystatin in single myoballs.

Volume changes in single L6 myoblasts (myoballs) exposed to nystatin solutions were followed on single cell level by means of quantitative video image analysis. The myoblasts swelled in nystatin solutions. The volume change was dependent on the nystatin concentration, the threshold concentration being 12.

Regulatory volume decrease in cultured myoblasts L6.

A method is described for measuring volume changes in single L6 myoblasts at a stage of proliferating "myoballs", which allows to follow volume changes on single cell level by means of quantitative video image analysis. Myoblasts exposed to hypoosmotic or hyperosmotic challenges for up to 3-5 min behave as osmometers. The relative cell volume is a linear function of the reciprocal of the relative osmolality in the range 0.

Selectivity of maxi chloride channels in the L6 rat muscle cell line.

A method is described for the determination of reversal potentials (EREV) from variance of single-channel currents vs. membrane potential in ramp pulse mode. The variance-voltage relationship is represented by a parabola with a minimum of the best fit curve corresponding to the value of EREV.

Arachidonic acid blocks large-conductance chloride channels in L6 myoblasts.

Modulation of high-conductance chloride channels by eicosanoids, stilbene derivatives and Zn2+ ions was studied in cultured myoblasts (L6 rat muscle cell line) in excised and cell-attached membrane patches using a conventional patch clamp method. Arachidonic acid (AA) blocked the channel at concentrations 1-50 mumol/l from the internal side of the membrane in excised (inside out) patches with a time constant of about 20 s. The block was absent when arachidonic acid was applied to the bathing solution in cell attached patches, or to the pipette solution, respectively.

Conductance-voltage relations in large-conductance chloride channels in proliferating L6 myoblasts.

Large-conductance chloride channels (maxi-Cl channels) were studied in cultured myoblasts (L6 rat muscle cell line); in excised (inside-out) and in cell attached membrane patches using a conventional patch clamp method. The incidence of maxi-Cl channels was substantially higher in proliferating myoballs, then in quiescent (bottom-attached) myoblasts (90% and 50% percent of examined cells, respectively). The maxi-Cl channels in myoballs were present both in cell attached and excised patches.

High-conductance chloride channels in BC3H1 myoblasts.

The existence of a high-conductance voltage sensitive chloride channel in BC3H1 myoblasts is documented. The conductance of the channel in symmetrical 150 mmol/l sodium chloride is around 400 pS. The probability of the channel being in the open state decreases with increasing of the imposed voltage from holding potential (0 mV) in both the depolarizing and the hyperpolarizing direction respectively.

Semi-automatic analysis of unit channel conductance from voltage ramp records.

An IBM PC-compatible computer program, RAMP, for evaluation of single-channel recordings acquired using voltage ramp protocols is presented. The program uses semi-automatic procedures to make necessary corrections to a record (e.g.

Maxi chloride channels in L6 myoblasts.

The existence of a large conductance voltage sensitive chloride channel is documented in undifferentiated cells (myoblasts) of the L6 rat muscle cell line. At this stage of development the resting membrane conductance is dominated by potassium ions only (Kidokoro 1975). The conductance of the channel in symmetrical 120 mmol/l choline chloride is 331 +/- 4 pS.

Low-conductance chloride channel from crayfish skeletal muscle incorporated into planar lipid bilayers.

Low-conductance chloride channel from skeletal muscle SR vesicles of the crayfish Astacus fluviatilis was incorporated into planar lipid bilayers and its basic characteristics were investigated. The channel has a relatively low unitary conductance of 26 pS in symmetrical 160 mmol/l choline-chloride. The dependence of the channel conductance on Cl- concentration shows saturating behavior with a maximum conductance of 37 pS and an ionic activity for half-maximum conductance Km = 75 mmol/l.