A novel mucoadhesive paliperidone-nanoemulsion developed using the ultrasonication method in the treatment of schizophrenia.

: To develop paliperidone mucoadhesive-nanoemulsion (PLP-NE) to enhance brain bioavailability. To evaluate comparative effects of PLP-NE and CS-PLP-NE in the treatment of schizophrenia, followed by a toxicity study of opt-NE. : Oil: oleic acid, surfactant: Tween-80, and co-surfactant: Labrasol were chosen based on the solubility and maximum nanoemulsion area.

Molecular Docking and ADMET Analysis Strategy-Based Stability Indicating RP-HPLC-PDA Method Development and Validation of Toremifene.

Background: The purpose of this research is to develop an analytical method and validate it according to ICH guidelines for the estimation of Toremifene by RP-HPLC-PDA with molecular docking and ADMET analysis. From molecular docking, it came to know the receptor affinity specifically to estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), which are responsible for cancer therapy. ADMET analyses secure its therapeutic potential as well safety of the drug.

Discovery of Novel Isonipecotic Acid-Based Heteroaryl Amino Acid Derivatives as Potential Anticonvulsant Agents: Design, Synthesis, In-Silico ADME Study, and Molecular Docking Studies.

Background: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by anomalous brain activity, convulsions, and odd behavior. Several substituted-(naphthalen-2-yl)-3-(1H-indol-3-yl) allyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-4-carboxylic acid derivatives (5a-j) were intended to be produced in the current research effort to reduce convulsions and seizures.

Materials And Methods: The newly developed compounds were produced by the prescribed process.

Preparation of novel S-allyl cysteine chitosan based nanoparticles for use in ischemic brain treatment.

: To enhance the brain bioavailability of -allyl-l-cysteine (SC) by developing novel -allyl-l-cysteine chitosan nanoparticles (SC CS NPs) and examining the quantity of SC by developing a novel method of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) in ischemic rat brain treatment. : The ionotropic gelation method was used to develop -allyl cysteine-loaded CS NPs. The 4-factor, 5-level central composite design was optimized to determine the effect of independent variables, , particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, EE, and loading capacity, together with their characterization, followed by drug release and intranasal permeation to enhance the brain bioavailability and examination of their neurobehavioral and biochemical parameters with their histopathological examination.

Formulation Development, Optimization by Box-Behnken Design, and In Vitro and Ex Vivo Characterization of Hexatriacontane-Loaded Transethosomal Gel for Antimicrobial Treatment for Skin Infections.

There are many different infections and factors that can lead to skin illnesses, but bacteria and fungi are the most frequent. The goal of this study was to develop a hexatriacontane-loaded transethosome (HTC-TES) for treating skin conditions caused by microbes. The HTC-TES was developed utilizing the rotary evaporator technique, and Box-Behnken design (BBD) was utilized to improve it.

Molecular Target Interactions of Quinoline Derivatives as Anticancer Agents: A Review.

One of the leading causes of death worldwide is cancer, which poses substantial risks to both society and an individual's life. Cancer therapy is still challenging, despite developments in the field and continued research into cancer prevention. The search for novel anticancer active agents with a broader cytotoxicity range is therefore continuously ongoing.

Farnesol Protects against Cardiotoxicity Caused by Doxorubicin-Induced Stress, Inflammation, and Cell Death: An In Vivo Study in Wistar Rats.

Doxorubicin (DOXO) is an antineoplastic drug that is used extensively in managing multiple cancer types. However, DOXO-induced cardiotoxicity is a limiting factor for its widespread use and considerably affects patients' quality of life. Farnesol (FSN) is a sesquiterpene with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties.

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of a Nano-Tool Appended Oil (Clove and Tea Tree Oil) Thermosensitive Gel for Vaginal Candidiasis.

The main objective of the proposed work was the development of a thermosensitive gel (containing clove and tea tree oil) for the management of vaginal candidiasis. Both oils have been recommended to be used separately in a topical formulation for vaginal candidiasis. Incorporating two natural ingredients (clove and tea tree oil) into a product give it a broad antimicrobial spectrum and analgesic properties.

A novel 5-Fluorocuracil multiple-nanoemulsion used for the enhancement of oral bioavailability in the treatment of colorectal cancer.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a drug of choice for colorectal-cancer. But oral therapeutic efficacy of 5-FU is restricted due to their very little bioavailability because of poor membrane permeability and GIT-absorption. We have developed a multiple nanoemulsion (w/o/w i.

Development and validation of an automated solid-phase extraction-LC-MS/MS method for the bioanalysis of fluoxetine in human plasma.

A wide-range, specific, and precise liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS)technique for quantifying fluoxetine (FLX) in human plasma was developed using the RapidTrace automated solid-phase extraction (SPE) method; the analyte and internal standard (IS) were extricated on Oasis MCX SPE cartridges. Acetonitrile and 5 mM ammonium formate buffer (90:10 v/v) were used as mobile phase to achieve chromatographic separation on the reverse phase (C column). The analyte and IS were ionized using +ve electrospray ionization approach which was further traced by multiple-reaction monitoring on a tandem mass spectrometer.

A simple and sensitive HILIC-based UHPLC-MS/MS method for quantifying of rivaroxaban in dried blood spots: Application in comparison with the plasma sample method.

Rivaroxaban, indicated for the treatment of atrial fibrillation, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and coronary or peripheral artery disease, is one of the most frequently used direct oral anticoagulants. Therapeutic drug monitoring [TDM] is essential to minimize bleeding and thrombosis during personalized rivaroxaban treatment. An efficient and reliable analytical technique is required to quatify the rivaroxaban during its therapeutic indication.

Nanostructured Therapeutic Carriers for Tuberculosis Treatment: Approaches & Challenges.

Background: The diseases tuberculosis, triggered by intracellular pathogens, is a major problem for the global medical professionals. Treatments for these diseases through conventional dosage form consist of long-term therapy with multiple drugs, leading to several side effects and contribute to low patient compliance and drug resistance. The pathogens are found to be situated in the intracellular compartments of the cells, which ultimately results in additional blockades to effective treatment.

Current Approaches and Future Prospects of Nanomedicine in Tuberculosis Therapy.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB), which is caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a serious threat and one of the major health problems worldwide.

Objective: In recent years, an estimated of 9.6 million TB cases occurred and 1.

Simultaneous administration of fluoxetine and simvastatin ameliorates lipid profile, improves brain level of neurotransmitters, and increases bioavailability of simvastatin.

Simvastatin (STT), a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, is widely prescribed for dyslipidemia, whereas fluoxetine (FLX) is the first-choice drug for the treatment of depression and anxiety. A recent report suggests that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors can interact with the cytochrome P450 3A4 substrate, and another one suggests that STT enhances the antidepressant activity of FLX. However, the data are inconclusive.

In vitro determination of the efficacy of scorpion venoms as anti-cancer agents against colorectal cancer cells: a nano-liposomal delivery approach.

The use of liposomes in biological and medicinal sciences is a relatively new approach. The liposomal strategy greatly depends on the technological advancement in the formation of vesicles of various sizes and properties. In the current study, we encapsulated the venoms obtained from medically important scorpions such as (AB), (AC), and (LQ).

Preparation, characterization, and in vivo evaluation of intranasally administered liposomal formulation of donepezil.

The adequate amount of drug delivery to the brain in neurological patients is a major problem faced by the physicians. Recent studies suggested that intranasal administration of liposomal formulation may improve the drug delivery to the brain. In the present study, an attempt was made to study the brain bioavailability of commonly used anti-Alzheimer drug donepezil (DNP) liposomal formulation by intranasal route in rats.

Effect of vitamin D on bioavailability and lipid lowering efficacy of simvastatin.

The 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) inhibitors known as "statins" are widely prescribed for the management of dyslipidemia. In spite of their muscle toxicity, use of statins has alarmingly increased worldwide. A recent report suggests that vitamin D (VD) levels are closely associated with lipid lowering activity and muscular toxicity of statins.

Transdermal drug delivery system: patent reviews.

Transdermal drug delivery represents one of the most rapidly advancing areas of novel drug delivery. Although the concept of transdermal drug delivery has been known since 1924, it took until 1979, as FDA approved the transdermal delivery of scopolamine, that transdermal delivery systems [TDDS] received broad attention as novel tool for controlled release. These drug delivery systems are designed for controlled release of drug through the skin into systemic circulation maintaining consistent efficacy and reducing dose of the drug and its related side effects.

Status of herbal medicines in the treatment of diabetes: a review.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia caused by defective insulin secretion, resistance to insulin action, or a combination of both. DM has reached epidemic proportions in the US and more recently worldwide. The morbidity and mortality associated with diabetes is anticipated to account for a substantial proportion of health care expenditures.