[Effect of opiates on Ca2+ transport in synaptosomes].

Potassium-stimulated uptake of Ca2+ by nerve-ending fractions from rat brain (synaptosomes) is inhibited by morphine and [D-Ala2, D-Leu5]enkephalin. This effect develops significantly within 1 minute. The opiates do not affect the Ca2+ efflux from the synaptosomes.

[Symptomatology of circular depression and prediction of the efficacy of treatment with tricyclic antidepressants].

The problem of efficacy prediction for psychopharmacotherapy of depressions is of considerable interest and urgency in view of frequently occurring resistance to antidepressants. The purpose of the present study was to study the feasibility of predicting the effectiveness of depression therapy in manic-depressive psychosis (MDP), based on the cross-sectional analysis of the patient's history (the clinical picture of the patient's condition prior to therapy) with the help of multivariate statistics. Eighty-two patients suffering from MDP with a variety of depressive states were examined.

[Effectiveness of treating early-onset malignant schizophrenia with psychotropic drugs and their combinations].

The effectiveness of 1211 treatment courses given to 96 patients with "nuclear" schizophrenia was estimated by statistical methods with consideration of the therapy form (individual psychotropic drugs or their combinations) and the clinical variants of the disease. A number of statistically significant effects produced by these two factors and their interaction was revealed. The direction of the effects points to a relative advantage of the combined pharmacotherapy that envisages simultaneous use of drugs with different spectrum of action.

[Electron-transport chain of photosynthesis: Inactivation mechanism and stabilization].

The mechanism of inactivation of the electron-transport chain of chloroplasts within the framework of a previously described kinetic model based on two steps, i.e. activation of the electron-transport chain and its irreversible inactivation, was studied.

[Microbial cenosis in the initial stage of spruce needle decomposition].

The formation of saprophytic microbial cenosis at the primary stage of decomposition of spruce needles was studied by the method of scanning electron microscopy with parallel inoculations into growth media. The composition of the cenosis was found to differ depending on whether the needles were decomposed on the surface of the forest floor or on the soil without any flooring. The characteristics of the formation of the saprophytic microbial cenosis are described.

[Inner and outer immobilization of chloroplasts].

The effects of glutaric aldehyde on pea leave chloroplasts and their inactivation kinetics were studied. Optimization of the chloroplasts fixation by glutaric aldehyde resulted in a 5-fold increase of stability of the chloroplasts. Immobilization of the chloroplasts in agar-agar gels was performed; the ability of chloroplasts for photooxidation of H2O was thereby retained.

[Relationships of photoreduction of substituted salts of 4,4'-dipyridyl by isolated chloroplasts].

Kinetic relationships of photoreduction of 4,4'-dimethyldipyridyl and 4,4'-dibenzyldipyridyl in the presence of chlorplast were studied. It was found that photoreduction leads to the establishment of photosteady state in which the rate of photoreduction is equal to the rate of dark oxidation of reduced form. Kinetics of dark oxidation of photoreduced form were investigated.

[Effect of lithium on the course of endogenous psychoses (several clinico-statistical relationships)].

In 75 patients with a phasic development of endogenous psychoses the course of the disease before lithium treatment was characterized by statistically valid and successively increasing from attack to attack phenomena such as lengthening of attacks (phases) with a stable duration of the remissions and more frequent double phases. All of these phenomena were regarded by the authors as an unfavourable medicative pathomorphosis. The influence of lithium was expressed in the following symptoms: 1) prevention of hospitalization (56% of the cases); 2) significant shortening of the attacks (phases) and in some of the cases (19%)--their arrest; 3) transition from psychotic syndromes to cyclothymic; 4) a significant drop of double phases and a corresponding rise in the number of "pure" subdepressive states.

[Effect of moditen-depot therapy on the duration and quality of remissions in schizophrenia patients].

The authors studied the effectiveness of out-patient treatment by Moditen-Deppt of 128 schizophrenic patients. A comparison of the previous remissions appearing during usual pharmacotherapy and remissions seen during Moditen-Depot treatment depicted statistically significant differences, indicating a distinct prevention of exacerbations due to this preparation, an increase in the duration and improved quality of remissions. Such improved remissions were expressed in lesser severity, in a decrease of psychopathological disturbances, changes qualified as a "mollification of a defect" and an improvement of some socio-clinical indices.

[Kinetics and mechanism of inactivation of isolated chloroplasts].

A detailed kinetic analysis has been performed of a multistep inactivation of chloroplasts. The kinetic model suggested involves the formation of chloroplast forms differing in stability and activity. A comparison of the kinetic model with the experimental data shows that the mechanism of inactivation of isolated pea chloroplasts consists of at least two forms displaying different activity in the Hill reaction and different stability in solution.