[Neuromodulatory pharmacotherapy individualization in prolonged and chronic consciousness disorders after severe traumatic brain injury].

One of the most probable causes of effective therapy for post-comatose disorders of consciousness is the lack of individualization of drug prescriptions. In this observational study, we analyzed 48 courses of neuromodulatory therapy in 28 patients with prolonged and chronic disorders of consciousness following severe traumatic brain injury. Comparison of 24 effective and 24 ineffective courses demonstrated higher effectiveness of pharmacotherapy through its individualization, i.

[Modern biochemical markers of acute mesenteric ischemia].

Objective: To analyze modern literature data on biochemical markers of critical mesenteric ischemia.

Material And Methods: We analyzed the most promising, highly specific and sensitive biochemical markers of total and segmental intestinal damage following acute mesenteric ischemia. Analysis included domestic and foreign literature data between 2015 and 2023.

The Role of Trace Elements and Minerals in Osteoporosis: A Review of Epidemiological and Laboratory Findings.

The objective of the present study was to review recent epidemiological and clinical data on the association between selected minerals and trace elements and osteoporosis, as well as to discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying these associations. We have performed a search in the PubMed-Medline and Google Scholar databases using the MeSH terms "osteoporosis", "osteogenesis", "osteoblast", "osteoclast", and "osteocyte" in association with the names of particular trace elements and minerals through 21 March 2023. The data demonstrate that physiological and nutritional levels of trace elements and minerals promote osteogenic differentiation through the up-regulation of BMP-2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling, as well as other pathways.

Burr hole microsurgical subtemporal selective amygdalohippocampectomy.

Introduction: At present, selective amygdalohippocampectomy (SAH) has become popular in the treatment of drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). However, there is still an ongoing discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of this approach.

Methods: The study included a consecutive series of 43 adult patients with drug-resistant TLE, involving 24 women and 19 men (1.

Gamma Knife capsulotomy for correction of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in a patient with schizophrenia: Case report.

The treatment of mental illnesses that are resistant to conservative therapy poses a serious problem. Surgical methods with proven efficacy have been proposed for only a small group of psychiatric diseases, while in practice non-classical clinical situations are seen rather often. A 36-year-old man with a 18-year history of "schizophrenia with a predominant obsessive-compulsive syndrome" was referred to the Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery for consideration of neurosurgical treatment.

Patients selection for psychiatric neurosurgery: pitfalls and considerations.

Neurosurgical interventions (destructive or neuromodulation) are considered as a therapeutic option for patients with treatment resistant mental disorders. However, the issues of indications and contraindications for psychiatric surgery, method and patient selection remain unresolved. This article discusses possible problems and contradictions in the selection of patients, the need for an interdisciplinary team to work to solve the question of the feasibility of using neurosurgical methods.

[Surgical treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy following hippocampal sclerosis].

Unlabelled: Surgery is an effective approach for drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy following hippocampal sclerosis. There is still no clear and unanimous opinion about advantages and disadvantages of certain surgical technique.

Material And Methods: There were 103 surgical interventions in 101 patients.

[Successful treatment of an aortoduodenal fistula after operation on the abdominal portion of the aorta].

Gastrointestinal haemorrhage is a common cause of emergency admission of patients to surgical hospitals. Within the structure of nosological entities, not unreasonably referred to the rarest causes of gastrointestinal bleeding is the formation of an aortointestinal fistula whose early diagnosis is of paramount importance. The clinical picture may be different but it is mostly represented by gastrointestinal haemorrhage.

[European registry Helicobacter pylori (Hp-EuReg): how has clinical practice changed in Russia from 2013 to 2018 years].

Unlabelled: The multicenter prospective observational study initiated by the European Helicobacter and Microbiota Study Group (EHMSG) is conducted in 27 countries in Europe. The data from the Russian part of the European registry for the management of Helicobacter pylori infection (European Registry on the management of Helicobacter pylori infection, protocol: "Hp-EuReg") allows us to analyze the real clinical practice of diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori and compare it with international recommendations.

European Registry on the management of Helicobacter pylori infection (Hp-EuReg): analysis of 2360 patients receiving first-line therapy in Russia.

Aim: European Registry on the management of Helicobacter pylori infection («Hp-EuReg») - a multicenter prospective observational study initiated by the European Helicobacter and Microbiota Study Group, conducted in 27 European countries in order to evaluate the real clinical practice of diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori and its comparison with international recommendations.

Materials And Methods: The analysis of 2360 patients entered in the register by the Russian centres of «Hp-EuReg» in 2013-2017, who were underwent 1st line eradication therapy.

[Clinical/encephalographic syndrome of dopamine deficiency in patients with depressed consciousness after severe brain injury].

Objective: To determine electroencephalographic signs of dopamine deficiency syndrome during the recovery after severe brain injury (SBI).

Material And Methods: We studied 35 patients with SBI (23 men and 12 women, mean age 29 ± 13 years).

Results And Conclusion: We identified a set of neurological symptoms (increased muscular tone of extrapyramidal type, rest tremor, autonomic disorders, which were most characteristic of the autonomic state, and some forms of mutism associated, according to current conceptions, with the dopaminergic system deficiency syndrome.

Productive mental disorders in post-traumatic disturbances of consciousness.

Productive mental disorders (PMD) are the result of pathological mental activity. Alongside with deficient disorders PMD are the main characteristics of post-traumatic disturbances of consciousness. PMD can be represented by different types of excitation, mistaken judgments (including paranoidal ones, confabulations, false orientation), false perception (psychosensory, in particular, illusory and hallucinatory phenomena) and affective disorders.

The evidence-based neurointensive care: what's next?

The work is devoted to the analysis of modern trends of process of cognition in neurointensive care. In particular, considered the emergence and development of the method of "evidence-based medicine" in the treatment of patients with diseases and injuries of the brain. Demonstrated the positive features of the method.

Neurotransmitter basis of consciousness and uncosciousness states.

Plenty of different studies are dedicated to consciousness recovery problem, such as neuroanatomical, neurophysiological, neuropsychiatric, neurosurgical, neurological points of view. However, neurotransmitter dysfunction is one of the main difficulties for consciousness and other neurological functions recovery after brain trauma. There are a lot of pharmacological agents modulating brain neurotransmitter activity, but no one precise clinical indication.

EEG-correlates of consciousness recovery after traumatic brain injury.

The aim of studies of patients in long-term posttraumatic unconscious state (PUS) was to outline prognostically significant EEG-markers of consciousness condition and an assessment of its dynamics orientation. We analysed outcomes of dynamic (from days to 16 years after trauma) EEG studies in 196 patients in TBI-caused PUS and different degrees of mental recovery: from chronic unconscious state up to clear consciousness. These results were compared to clinical protocols and data of MRI.

Neuroanatomical basis for traumatic coma: clinical and magnetic resonance correlates.

In this paper, the relationship between brain lesion localization (verified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)) and the severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its outcomes is presented. Magnetic resonance studies in different modes (T1, T2, FLAIR, DWI, DTI, T2 * GRE, SWAN) were performed in 162 patients with acute TBI. Statistical analysis was done using Statistica 6, 8 software and R programming language.

[Tetrahepaticojejunostomy for the treatment of the high biliary strictures].

The article highlights various techniques of biliodigestive anastomises, used for the treatment of high-level blockages of biliary ducts. The novel author method of tetrahepaticojejunostomy, possessing less insufficiency risk and less traumaticity was suggested. 38 patients have been operated on using the hepaticoenterostomy; 5 patients received the described method of tetrahepaticojejunostomy with positive outcome.

[Balance of iron and copper in cadets of military school during physical exercise and next-day rest at different times of the year].

According to examination, with the help of emission spectrum analysis method, of 24 cadets-athletes of different specialization it was determined that during physical exercise in summer and in winter loss of ferrum and copper with excrements exceeded the intake if these microelements with food. The next day rise of impaction of microelements and decrease of excretion. But despite the positive balance of ferrum and copper, spend of these microelements during physical exercise wasn't compensated for the day of rest.

[Vitamin and mineral supplements in the diet of military personnel: effect on the balance of iron, copper and manganese, immune reactivity and physical work-capacity].

Conducted with the participation of 50 students of military educational study the effect of various vitamin and mineral complexes for the provision by the body naturally iron, copper and manganese on the immune and physical status. Found that diets enriched BMV was accompanied by a significant delay in the micro-elements, mainly iron, which indicates a deficiency of these bioelements in chickens Santo during the summer. Under the influence of vitamin-mineral complexes significantly increased rates of natural and specific immunity.

[The specific features of copper and manganese metabolism in the use of iron-containing preparations].

Aim: To comparatively evaluate the efficiency of preventive treatment with various iron preparations on copper, manganese, and iron metabolic features in adult athletes.

Subjects And Methods: Forty adult highly qualified sambo wrestlers were examined and divided into 4 groups of 10 persons in each. Group 1 athletes took iron-containing Sorbifer Durules in combination with ascorbic acid; Group 2 received Ferro Gradumet Vitamin C; Group 3 had Hemofer and ascorbic acid; Group 4 took ascorbic acid tablets.

[Long-latency components (N100, N200 and P300) of acoustic evoked potentials in prediction of mental recovery in severe traumatic brain injury].

The authors analyzed correlations of amplitude and latency levels of N100, N200 and P300 components of acoustic evoked potentials (AEP) registered during sonic stimulation and counting of target-oriented stimuli in 22 patients in vegetative state and mutism as an outcome of traumatic brain injury. Results were analyzed with association of electrophysiological findings with data of diffusion-tensor MRI. 55 healthy volunteers were included into control group.

[Prognostic value of ICP, CPP and regional blood flow monitoring in diffuse and focal traumatic cerebral lesions].

Forty patients with severe traumatic brain injury (GCS score 8 and less) aged 16-54 years treated in our clinic were analyzed. Correlations between clinical symptoms, CT signs of diffuse and focal traumatic lesions, intracranial hemorrhage, indices of cerebral blood flow (CBF) according to perfusion CT study, intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) were assessed. Main mechanism of injury in 27 of 40 (67.