Magnesium Oxide-Supported Single Atoms with Fine-Modulated Steric Location for Polymerization Transfer Removal of Water Pollutants.

Organic pollutants removal via a polymerization transfer (PT) pathway based on the use of single-atom catalysts (SACs) promises efficient water purification with minimal energy/chemical inputs. However, the precise engineering of such catalytic systems toward PT decontamination is still challenging, and the conventional SACs are plagued by low structural stability of carbon material support. Here, we adopted magnesium oxide (MgO) as a structurally stable alternative for loading single copper (Cu) atoms to drive peroxymonosulfate-based Fenton-like reactions.

In silico analysis of trehalose biosynthesis genes provides clues to reveal its roles in Avicennia marina adaptation to tidal submergence.

Trehalose has an important function for alleviating various abiotic stress in plants. Nevertheless, the functional and evolutionary characteristics of trehalose biosynthesis genes in mangrove plants is not documented. Here, using typical mangrove Avicennia marina, we found the trehalose content decreased in the roots and leaves and T6P increased significantly in the leaves under tidal submergence.

Mitigation PFHxA-induced neurotoxicity in Carassius auratus brain cells by selenium-enriched Bacillus subtilis via the BDNF/PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β pathway.

As emerging contaminants growing threat to aquatic organisms, explore effective mitigation strategies is particularly important. Our previous studies have shown that selenium-rich Bacillus subtilis can not only alleviate the cause of brain damage by perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) in Carassius auratus via the intestinal axis of the brain, but its metabolites can also alleviate PFHxA toxicity. This study further explores the potential mechanism through in vitro experiments.

Two new sesquiterpene eudesmanolides from the Raeusch.

Two new sesquiterpene eudesmanolides, 5-hydroxy-eudesman-7(11)-en-8(12)-olide (), and 5-hydroxy-7(11)-en-8-oxo-eudesmane (), along with six known sesquiterpene eudesmanolides, were isolated from the leaves and twigs of Raeusch. The structures of these compounds were established basis on NMR and MS spectroscopic analyses. The cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated.

Exosomes secreted from M2-polarized macrophages inhibit osteoclast differentiation via CYLD.

Objective: Bone resorption mediated by osteoclast differentiation induces the occurrence of bone-related diseases. Macrophages, an origin of osteoclasts, whose M2 type can reduce inflammation-induced bone damage. We aimed to investigate the effect of M2 macrophage-derived exosomes on osteoclast formation and elucidate its underlying mechanism.

Description of two new species of Spininola László, Ronkay & Witt, 2010 (Lepidoptera: Nolidae: Nolinae) from China.

The paper describes two new species of Spininola (Spininola zhaotongensis Yu & Hu sp. nov. and Spininola yuanjiangensis Yu & Hu sp.

A copper(II)-based metal-organic framework: electrochemical sensing of Cd(II) and Pb(II) and adsorption of organic dyes.

A new inorganic-organic hybrid complex, namely [CuL(DMF)]·HO (Cu-L), has been synthesized using a sulfur-rich ligand, 3,3',3''-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyltrisulfanediyl)tripropanoic acid (HL) and metal cations under hydrothermal conditions. The metal atoms are interconnected to form a paddle-wheel-like structure, which is ultimately linked to the ligands to create a three-dimensional architecture. Cu-L, employed to fabricate an electrochemical sensor denoted as Cu-L@GCE (glassy carbon electrode), is capable of simultaneously detecting Cd and Pb at approximately -0.

Roles of macrophages in lupus nephritis.

LN is a serious complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), affecting up to 60% of patients with SLE and may lead to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Macrophages play multifaceted roles in the pathogenesis of LN, including clearance of immune complexes, antigen presentation, regulation of inflammation, and tissue repair. Macrophages are abundant in the glomeruli and tubulointerstitium of LN patients and are positively correlated with serum creatinine levels and the severity of renal pathology.

Peripheral microvessel area better predicts the severity of coronary stenosis of acute myocardial infarction patients over pulse wave velocity.

Microvascular obstruction (MVO) is linked with adverse clinical outcome in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, therefore, early prediction of MVO with non-invasive peripheral microcirculation is crucial in facilitating optimal treatment. Current study aims to analyze the significance of opisthenar microvessel area (OMA, measured using optical coherence tomography, OCT) in predicting coronary stenosis (Gensini score, GS) and short-term cardiac recovery of ACS patients and the results were compared to those of arterial stiffness parameters (Pulse Wave Velocity, PWV; Ankle-Brachial Index; ABI). Results showed that cardiac functional parameters (e.

Poria cocos: traditional uses, triterpenoid components and their renoprotective pharmacology.

Poria cocos and its surface layer of Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf (Polyporaceae), are used in traditional Chinese medicine for its diuretic and renoprotective effects. Phytochemical studies have shown that lanostane and 3,4-seco-lanostane tetracyclic triterpenoids are the main components of P.

Oxygen and Electron Storage Effects in W-Modified Ceria Catalysts for Ammonia Conversion.

Tungsten-modified CeO is an excellent catalyst for the catalytic conversion of ammonia. However, the geometric and electronic properties of this catalyst and the detailed reaction mechanisms are not well understood. In this work, the potential configurations of various monomer tungsten oxides supported on the CeO(111) surface (WO(x = 0-4)/CeO(111)) are systematically studied and their relative stabilities are evaluated by using on-site Coulomb interaction corrected density functional theory calculations.

AmTPS6 promotes trehalose biosynthesis to enhance the Cd tolerance in mangrove Avicennia marina.

Cadmium (Cd) pollution poses a significant ecological risk to mangrove ecosystems. Trehalose has excellent potential to mitigate the adverse effects of heavy metals. Unfortunately, the mechanisms related to trehalose-mediated heavy metal tolerance in plants remain elusive.

 (Lycopodiaceae), a new species from China based on morphological characters and molecular evidence.

A new species of the firmoss from China, sp. nov., is described and illustrated based on morphological characters and molecular evidence.

Long-term ambient ozone exposure and childhood asthma, rhinitis, eczema, and conjunctivitis: A multi-city study in China.

Evidence on the link of long-term exposure to ozone (O) with childhood asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis and eczema is inconclusive. We did a population-based cross-sectional survey, including 177,888 children from 173 primary and middle schools in 14 Chinese cities. A satellite-based spatiotemporal model was employed to assess four-year average O exposure at both residential and school locations.

Structures and chemical bonding of B6O50/-/2-: The first boron oxide clusters with five-membered ring and their structural diversity.

Based upon global-minimum searches and first-principles electronic structural calculations, we present the perfectly planar B6O50/-/2- (1-3) systems. Notably, the C2v B6O50/- (1-2) clusters mark a groundbreaking advancement as the first boron oxide clusters to feature a five-membered ring. Both structures exhibit remarkable similarity, each characterized by a central B3O2 ring surrounded by three terminal BO groups.

COVID-19: from immune response to clinical intervention.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has highlighted the pivotal role of the immune response in determining the progression and severity of viral infections. In this paper, we review the most recent studies on the complicated dynamics between SARS-CoV-2 and the host immune system, highlight the importance of understanding these dynamics in developing effective treatments and formulate potent management strategies for COVID-19. We describe the activation of the host's innate immunity and the subsequent adaptive immune response following infection with SARS-CoV-2.

Effect of Hesperidin on Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress-Related Depression in Rats through Gut-Brain Axis Pathway.

Objectives: To determine the pharmacological impact of hesperidin, the main component of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, on depressive behavior and elucidate the mechanism by which hesperidin treats depression, focusing on the gut-brain axis.

Methods: Fifty-four Sprague Dawley male rats were randomly allocated to 6 groups using a random number table, including control, model, hesperidin, probiotics, fluoxetine, and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium groups. Except for the control group, rats in the remaining 5 groups were challenged with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 21 days and housed in single cages.

Orientation of One Health development: think globally and act locally.

One Health is dedicated to maintaining and fostering a dynamic balance among humans, animals, and the environment. Since 2013, it has seen considerable developments globally. This review aims to encapsulate the history of One Health, as well as chart its future trajectory.

Astragaloside IV Alleviates Podocyte Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy through Regulating IRE-1α/NF-κ B/NLRP3 Pathway.

Objective: To investigate the effects of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) on podocyte injury of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and reveal its potential mechanism.

Methods: In in vitro experiment, podocytes were divided into 4 groups, normal, high glucose (HG), inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE-1) α activator (HG+thapsigargin 1 µmol/L), and IRE-1α inhibitor (HG+STF-083010, 20 µmol/L) groups. Additionally, podocytes were divided into 4 groups, including normal, HG, AS-IV (HG+AS-IV 20 µmol/L), and IRE-1α inhibitor (HG+STF-083010, 20 µmol/L) groups, respectively.

Ense-i6mA: Identification of DNA N6-methyl-adenine Sites Using XGB-RFE Feature Se-lection and Ensemble Machine Learning.

DNA N6-methyladenine (6mA) is an important epigenetic modification that plays a vital role in various cellular processes. Accurate identification of the 6mA sites is fundamental to elucidate the biological functions and mechanisms of modification. However, experimental methods for detecting 6mA sites are high-priced and time-consuming.

A Symmetric Form of the Clausius Statement of the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

Bridgman once reflected on thermodynamics that the laws of thermodynamics were formulated in their present form by the great founders of thermodynamics, Kelvin and Clausius, before all the essential physical facts were in, and there has been no adequate reexamination of the fundamentals since. Thermodynamics still has unknown possibilities waiting to be explored. This paper begins with a brief review of Clausius's work on the second law of thermodynamics and a reassessment of the content of Clausius's statement.