Formulation development of highly stable collagenase-containing hydrogels for wound healing.

Collagenases are enzymes that break down collagen and are used in wound healing and treating various disorders. Currently, collagenase is commercially available in only ointment and injectable forms and is sensitive to various environmental factors. In the present study, different hydrogel formulations of collagenase have been prepared at pH 6.

Identification of differentially expressed non-coding RNAs in the plasma of women with preterm birth.

This study aimed to identify differentially expressed non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) associated with preterm birth (PTB) and determine biological pathways being influenced in the context of PTB. We processed cell-free RNA sequencing data and identified seventeen differentially expressed (DE) ncRNAs that could be involved in the onset of PTB. Per the validation via customized RT-qPCR, the recorded variations in expressions of eleven ncRNAs were concordant with the analyses.

Arteriovenous Fistula Creation and Care in an Office-Based Practice Compared to Hospital Based Care.

Objectives: This study evaluates and compares outcomes of arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) created in a dialysis access dedicated office-based laboratory (OBL) and outpatient hospital setting.

Methods: All consecutive outpatient surgical autologous AVFs created at an academic hospital, community hospital, and an OBL from 2016-2020 were reviewed. Demographics, comorbidities, surgical procedure, complications, maturation, patency, and procedures for maintenance were assessed from time of surgical evaluation to latest available documentation.

Comparative Outcomes of Warfarin vs. Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) in Anticoagulant-Related Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Single-Center Study.

Background: The management of thromboembolic risk and the necessity for timely hemorrhage control make anticoagulant-related gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding clinically challenging.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate clinical outcomes (such as bleeding control and mortality) and the effectiveness of anticoagulation reversal techniques in patients with anticoagulant-related GI bleeding in emergency settings.

Methodology: This prospective, observational study conducted at Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, from January to December 2023, included patients aged 18 or older with GI bleeding on warfarin or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs).

Transcriptomic and in silico analysis of BLACE (B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia expressed), a new non-coding RNA, as a diagnostic biomarker in B-cell ALL.

ALL (acute lymphoblastic leukemia) is a type of hematological malignancy that involves developmental and differentiation arrest at the lymphoblast stage. BLACE, a gene specifically expressed in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia shows little or no expression in mature B-lymphocytes. The current pilot study involves transcriptional analysis of BLACE in B-cell ALL patients.

Anatomical Variation of the Olfactory Fossa According to Keros and Yenigun Classifications in Karachi, Pakistan.

Aim: The goal of our research is to assess the olfactory fossa anatomical variation through Keros and Yenigun classification by computed tomography (CT) scan of paranasal sinuses (PNS), as in order for surgeons to prevent major complications, they must be familiar with its variations in anatomy during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) related to anterior ethmoidal artery injury, as its course varies with depth and length of the olfactory fossa.

Methods: At Karachi's Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), retrospective research was carried out. From anterior to posterior, sequential coronal and axial pictures were examined, and the existence and location of further anatomical characteristics were documented.

Racial/Ethnic Differences in Adverse Childhood Experiences and Health-Related Outcomes: A Scoping Review.

Racial and ethnic differences have been observed across patterns of substance use and exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). The goal of this review was to summarize the current evidence on ACE and health outcomes across racial and ethnic groups in the United States. A scoping review of the literature following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analysis for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) guideline was performed.

Molecular Docking Analysis Reveals the Promising Role of Apigenin as a Potential Treatment for Neurological Disorders.

Objectives: Neurological disorders represent a significant global health challenge, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic agents. Apigenin, a natural flavonoid abundantly found in various plants, has garnered attention for its potential neuroprotective properties. In this study, we employed molecular docking simulations to investigate the interaction between apigenin and key molecular targets associated with neurological disorders.

Risk Factors of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Special Emphasis on Areca Nut Usage and Its Association with Clinicopathological Parameters and Recurrence.

Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent type of head and neck cancer and is associated with high mortality, particularly in Southeast Asian countries. Areca nut usage, smoking, and alcohol consumption are the most common risk factors for OSCC. Areca nut chewing is highly prevalent in Pakistan and has been attributed to an increase in OSCC cases.

Assessing and anticipating environmental challenges in Lahore, Pakistan: future implications of air pollution on sustainable development and environmental governance.

Urban environment and air quality are changing primarily due to land use land cover (LULC) changes, economic activity, and urbanization. Air pollution has been increasingly acknowledged as a major issue for cities due to its extensive effects on health and well-being. As the second most populous city in the country, Lahore faces alarming levels of air pollutants, which induced this study to focus on the pervasive issue of air pollution in Lahore.

One-Year Clinical Outcomes Following Mechanical Thrombectomy for Deep Vein Thrombosis: A CLOUT Registry Analysis.

Background: Mechanical thrombectomy is a promising treatment option for deep vein thrombosis; however, long-term data are lacking. Here, we report for the first time the 1-year clinical outcomes from the completely enrolled ClotTriever Outcomes (CLOUT) registry evaluating mechanical thrombectomy with the ClotTriever System (Inari Medical).

Methods: The CLOUT registry (NCT03575364) is a prospective, multicenter, single-arm study that enrolled 500 patients with proximal lower extremity deep vein thrombosis.

Bipotential B-neutrophil progenitors are present in human and mouse bone marrow and emerge in the periphery upon stress hematopoiesis.

Unlabelled: Hematopoiesis is a tightly regulated process that gets skewed toward myelopoiesis. This restrains lymphopoiesis, but the role of lymphocytes in this process is not well defined. To unravel the intricacies of neutrophil responses in COVID-19, we performed bulk RNAseq on neutrophils from healthy controls and COVID-19 patients.

Comparative study on efficiency of surface enhanced coal fly ash and raw coal fly ash for the removal of hazardous dyes in wastewater: optimization through response surface methodology.

Crystal violet (CV) dye, because of its non-biodegradability and harmful effects, poses a significant challenge for wastewater treatment. This study addresses the efficiency of easily accessible coal fly ash (CFA)-based adsorbents such as raw coal fly ash (RCFA) and surface enhanced coal fly ash (SECFA), in removing CV dye from waste effluents. Various analytical techniques such as FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM, BET, zeta sizer and zeta potential were employed for the characterization of the adsorbents and dye-loaded samples.

Evolutionary patterns and heterogeneity of dengue virus serotypes in Pakistan.

A comprehensive and systematic examination of dengue virus (DENV) evolution is essential in Pakistan, where the virus poses a significant public health challenge due to its ability to adapt and evolve. To shed light on the intricate evolutionary patterns of all four DENV serotypes, we analyzed complete genome sequences (n = 43) and Envelope (E) gene sequences (n = 44) of all four DENV serotypes collected in Pakistan from 1994 to 2023, providing a holistic view of their genetic evolution. Our findings revealed that all four serotypes of DENV co-circulate in Pakistan with a close evolutionary relationship between DENV-1 and DENV-3.

Increased throughput in methods for simulating protein ligand binding and unbinding.

By incorporating full flexibility and enabling the quantification of crucial parameters such as binding free energies and residence times, methods for investigating protein-ligand binding and unbinding via molecular dynamics provide details on the involved mechanisms at the molecular level. While these advancements hold promise for impacting drug discovery, a notable drawback persists: their relatively time-consuming nature limits throughput. Herein, we survey recent implementations which, employing a blend of enhanced sampling techniques, a clever choice of collective variables, and often machine learning, strive to enhance the efficiency of new and previously reported methods without compromising accuracy.

Living Well: Protocol for a web-based program to improve quality of life in rural and urban ovarian cancer survivors.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) survivors commonly experience chronic symptoms including anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances, fatigue, physical symptoms, poor health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and a generally poor prognosis. Additionally, factors such as social isolation, stress, and depression are associated with key biological processes promoting tumor progression and poorer survival. Accessible psychosocial interventions to improve HRQOL and clinical outcomes are needed.

Effectiveness of cephalosporins in hydrolysis and inhibition of and biofilms.

Importance: and contribute to global health challenges by forming biofilms, a key virulence element implicated in the pathogenesis of several infections.

Objective: The study examined the efficacy of various generations of cephalosporins against biofilms developed by pathogenic and .

Methods: The development of biofilms by both bacteria was assessed using petri-plate and microplate methods.

Senescent-like microglia limit remyelination through the senescence associated secretory phenotype.

The capacity to regenerate myelin in the central nervous system (CNS) diminishes with age. This decline is particularly evident in multiple sclerosis (MS), which has been suggested to exhibit features of accelerated biological aging. Whether cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging, contributes to remyelination impairment remains unknown.

Alzheimer's disease associated isoforms of human CD33 distinctively modulate microglial cell responses in 5XFAD mice.

Microglia play diverse pathophysiological roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD), with genetic susceptibility factors skewing microglial cell function to influence AD risk. CD33 is an immunomodulatory receptor associated with AD susceptibility through a single nucleotide polymorphism that modulates mRNA splicing, skewing protein expression from a long protein isoform (CD33M) to a short isoform (CD33m). Understanding how human CD33 isoforms differentially impact microglial cell function in vivo has been challenging due to functional divergence of CD33 between mice and humans.

Emerging technologies for quality control of cell-based, advanced therapy medicinal products.

Advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMP) are complex medicines based on gene therapy, somatic cell therapy, and tissue engineering. These products are rapidly arising as novel and promising therapies for a wide range of different clinical applications. The process for the development of well-established ATMPs is challenging.

Potential Inhibitors of Lumpy Skin Disease's Viral Protein (DNA Polymerase): A Combination of Bioinformatics Approaches.

Lumpy skin disease (LSD), caused by a virus within the family and genus, induces nodular skin lesions in cattle. This spreads through direct contact and insect vectors, significantly affecting global cattle farming. Despite the availability of vaccines, their efficacy is limited by poor prophylaxis and adverse effects.

Neuroinvasion of emerging and re-emerging arboviruses: A scoping review.

Background: Arboviruses are RNA viruses and some have the potential to cause neuroinvasive disease and are a growing threat to global health.

Objectives: Our objective is to identify and map all aspects of arbovirus neuroinvasive disease, clarify key concepts, and identify gaps within our knowledge with appropriate future directions related to the improvement of global health.

Methods: : A scoping review of the literature was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Hinari.