The congenital dislocated spine.

Study Design: The congenital dislocated spine has been defined as the potentially most serious form of congenital kyphosis with an abrupt single-level displacement of the spinal canal. A retrospective chart review was conducted on 19 patients with this deformity.

Objectives: To delineate the clinical and radiologic characteristics of this entity, and to analyze the outcome after treatment.

[Extra osseous tumors of the spine in children and adolescents. Spinal complications].

Purpose Of The Study: The delay in diagnosis of spinal tumors is not rare. The chief complaint may include pain, walking disability, and spinal or limb deformities. The purpose of our study is to analyze the spinal deformities associated with non osseous intraspinal tumors, to assess the complications of treatment, and to set out a preventive protocol.

[The foot in hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies in children].

Purpose: Although Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is known to be the most common neuromuscular cause of pes cavovarus, other paralytic deformities of the foot may be present with hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies (HMSN). The purpose of our review is to analyze these foot deformities and to assess the results of the different therapeutic methods used.

Material And Methods: We evaluated 66 patients who had HMSN and had a total of 127 foot deformities.

Differential effects of retinoic acid and a retinoid antagonist on the spatial distribution of the homeoprotein Hoxb-7 in vertebrate embryos.

An antibody raised against the recombinant Xenopus laevis Hoxb-7 protein (López and Carrasco [1992] Mech. Dev. 36:153-164) recognizes the 30 kDa translation product of the Hoxb-7 gene in X.

The limb deformity mutation disrupts the SHH/FGF-4 feedback loop and regulation of 5' HoxD genes during limb pattern formation.

Mutations in the murine limb deformity (ld) gene disrupt differentiation of the Apical Ectodermal Ridge (AER) and patterning of distal limb structures. However, initial outgrowth of the limb bud is not affected, suggesting that early and late functions of the AER are uncoupled. Similarly, activation of the 5' members of the HoxD gene cluster (Hoxd-11 to Hoxd-13) is not affected in ld mutant posterior limb bud mesenchyme, but the subsequent anteriorization of 5' HoxD domains is delayed by about 12 hours and is associated with reduced levels of polarising activity.

Limb deformity proteins during avian neurulation and sense organ development.

The nuclear Limb deformity (Ld) proteins (formins) are expressed during the avian primitive streak stages. Initially, they are detected predominantly in cells of the forming notochord, scattered mesodermal precursors and the induced neural plate. No expression is detected in endodermal cells.

Developmental utilization of SpP3A1 and SpP3A2: two proteins which recognize the same DNA target site in several sea urchin gene regulatory regions.

SpP3A1 and SpP3A2 are DNA-binding proteins that interact specifically with the same target sites in the regulatory domains of the Strongylocentrotus purpuratus CyIIIa gene and also of several other known genes. In this work we used antibodies raised against recombinant P3A1 and P3A2 to quantitate these transcription factors in eggs and in the nuclear compartments of embryos of various stages. Both proteins are present in unfertilized eggs, and both enter the embryonic nuclei early in development, but only P3A2 remains present in nuclei at functional concentrations beyond the early gastrula stage.

SpGCF1, a sea urchin embryo DNA-binding protein, exists as five nested variants encoded by a single mRNA.

Several Strongylocentrotus purpuratus gene cis-regulatory regions contain asymmetric C4 sequences which are core elements of target sites for a specific DNA-protein interaction. Blastula stage nuclear extract contains five proteins which specifically bind to these target sites, resulting in a characteristic pattern of complexes in gel mobility shift assays. We used automated affinity chromatography to purify a protein which binds to these sites and have isolated the corresponding cDNA.

A multimerizing transcription factor of sea urchin embryos capable of looping DNA.

SpGCF1 is a recently cloned sea urchin transcription factor that recognizes target sites in several different sea urchin genes. We find that in gel-shift experiments this factor is able to multimerize. A quantitative simulation of the gel-shift results suggests that SpGCF1 molecules that are bound to DNA target sites may also bind to one another, thus associating several DNA probe molecules.

[Distal intra-articular resection of the calcaneus in the treatment of severe or recurrent congenital clubfoot].

Introduction: Secondary adaptive bone changes and joint distorsions in clubfoot may present a barrier to adequate correction of the deformity. The purpose of our study is to show how the lateral excision of the calcaneus distal part as described by Lichtblau, in combination with an appropriate medial release allows better correction of forefoot deformity, with less recurrence rate.

Material And Methods: Between 1974 and 1982, 43 feet in 38 patients underwent this type of surgery.

Nucleo-cytoplasmic translocation and secretion of fibroblast growth factor-2 during avian gastrulation.

The expression and distribution of the fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2 or bFGF) proteins during early avian embryogenesis has been analysed in detail. Three FGF-2 protein isoforms of 18.5, 20.

Posterior spinal fusion in neuromuscular scoliosis using a tibial strut graft. Results of a long-term follow-up.

Study Design: Risks and benefits of using a tibial graft for posterior spinal fusion in neuromuscular scoliosis were evaluated in a long-term follow-up study. A consecutive series of 72 patients underwent posterior spinal fusion for neuromuscular scoliosis.

Objectives: Radiologic outcome was assessed to evaluate the quality of the spinal fusion.

Cell-type-specific nuclear translocation of fibroblast growth factor-2 isoforms during chicken kidney and limb morphogenesis.

Analysis of the fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2 or bFGF) proteins during chicken embryonic pattern formation and organogenesis revealed that three isoforms (18.5, 20.0, and 21.