Development of a Novel Label-Free Subunit HILIC-MS Method for Domain-Specific Free Thiol Identification and Quantitation in Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies.

Cysteine residues are crucial for the formation of conserved disulfide bonds in therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), which are essential for their folding and structural stability. The presence of free thiols in mAbs can indicate incomplete disulfide bond formation, potentially impacting the molecule's conformational stability. Free thiol quantitation has been achieved using labeling-based strategies such as maleimide and haloalkyl derivatives at both intact and peptide levels.

Dan'e fukang decoction reduces hemorrhage in a rat model of mifepristone induced incomplete abortion and may correlate with cell adhesion molecule signaling interference.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Dan'e fukang decoction (DFD) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula. DFD obtains 10 herbs, including Salvia yunnanensis C.H.

Deep learning-based automated scan plane positioning for brain magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Manual planning of scans in clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exhibits poor accuracy, lacks consistency, and is time-consuming. Meanwhile, classical automated scan plane positioning methods that rely on certain assumptions are not accurate or stable enough, and are computationally inefficient for practical application scenarios. This study aims to develop and evaluate an effective, reliable, and accurate deep learning-based framework that incorporates prior physical knowledge for automatic head scan plane positioning in MRI.

Extracellular Matrix Disorganization Caused by ADAMTS16 Deficiency Leads to Bicuspid Aortic Valve With Raphe Formation.

Background: A better understanding of the molecular mechanism of aortic valve development and bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) formation would significantly improve and optimize the therapeutic strategy for BAV treatment. Over the past decade, the genes involved in aortic valve development and BAV formation have been increasingly recognized. On the other hand, (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs) gene family members have been reported to be able to modulate cardiovascular development and diseases.

Real-Time Evaluation of Helicobacter pylori Infection by Convolution Neural Network During White-Light Endoscopy: A Prospective, Multicenter Study (With Video).

Introduction: Convolutional neural network during endoscopy may facilitate evaluation of Helicobacter pylori infection without obtaining gastric biopsies. The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnosis accuracy of a computer-aided decision support system for H. pylori infection (CADSS-HP) based on convolutional neural network under white-light endoscopy.

Landscape of Psychological Profiles in Patients With Esophageal Achalasia.

Introduction: Esophageal achalasia (EA) is a chronic esophageal dysmotility disease, of which psychological distress was poorly understood. This study aims to assess the status of psychosocial characteristics in EA and to determine the relationship between psychological distress and EA.

Methods: Seventy pairs of age and gender-matched patients with EA and healthy control individuals were prospectively enrolled from December 2019 to April 2020 at our hospital.

Safety and immunogenicity of a skin- and neuro-attenuated live vaccine for varicella: a randomized, double-blind, controlled, dose-escalation and age de-escalation phase 1 clinical trial.

Background: Despite the success in decreasing varicella-related disease burden, live-attenuated Oka vaccine strain of varicella-zoster virus (vOka) remains neuro-virulence and may establish latency and reactivate, raising safety concerns. Here we aimed to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a skin- and neuro-attenuated varicella vaccine candidate (v7D).

Methods: This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation and age de-escalation phase 1 clinical trial conducted in Liuzhou, China (ChiCTR1900022284).

A molecular design approach towards elastic and multifunctional polymer electronics.

Next-generation wearable electronics require enhanced mechanical robustness and device complexity. Besides previously reported softness and stretchability, desired merits for practical use include elasticity, solvent resistance, facile patternability and high charge carrier mobility. Here, we show a molecular design concept that simultaneously achieves all these targeted properties in both polymeric semiconductors and dielectrics, without compromising electrical performance.

Dose-Response Relationship Between Long-Term Blood Pressure Variability and Cognitive Decline.

Background And Purpose: We aimed to test whether higher long-term blood pressure variability was associated with accelerated rate of cognitive decline and evaluate potential dose-response relationship.

Methods: Original survey data from the Health and Retirement Study and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing were used. Standardized Z score of cognitive function was the main outcome measure.

A homogeneous split-luciferase assay for rapid and sensitive detection of anti-SARS CoV-2 antibodies.

Better diagnostic tools are needed to combat the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Here, to meet this urgent demand, we report a homogeneous immunoassay to detect IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. This serological assay, called SATiN, is based on a tri-part Nanoluciferase (tNLuc) approach, in which the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and protein G, fused respectively to two different tNLuc tags, are used as antibody probes.

PCSK9 (Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin 9) Enhances Platelet Activation, Thrombosis, and Myocardial Infarct Expansion by Binding to Platelet CD36.

Background: PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9), mainly secreted by the liver and released into the blood, elevates plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by degrading low-density lipoprotein receptor. Pleiotropic effects of PCSK9 beyond lipid metabolism have been shown. However, the direct effects of PCSK9 on platelet activation and thrombosis, and the underlying mechanisms, as well, still remain unclear.

A Thermostable mRNA Vaccine against COVID-19.

There is an urgent need for vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) because of the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Among all approaches, a messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccine has emerged as a rapid and versatile platform to quickly respond to this challenge. Here, we developed a lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated mRNA (mRNA-LNP) encoding the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 as a vaccine candidate (called ARCoV).

Progress on combat damage control resuscitation/surgery and its application in the Chinese People's Liberation Army.

Damage control resuscitation (DCR) and damage control surgery (DCS) has now been developed as a well-established standard of care for severely injured civilian patients worldwide. On the other hand, the application of combat DCR/DCS has saved the lives of thousands of severely injured casualties in several wars during the last two decades. This article describes the great progress on DCR/DCS in the last two decades and its application in the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA).

Progression of cognitive decline before and after incident stroke.

Objective: To determine the trajectory of cognitive decline before and after incident stroke.

Methods: By using data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, we studied 9,278 participants without dementia with no history of stroke who underwent cognitive assessment at baseline (wave 1) and at least 1 other time point (waves 2-7). We used linear mixed models to analyze repeated measures and longitudinal data.

Mutation allele frequency threshold does not affect prognostic analysis using next-generation sequencing in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: With the development of sequencing technologies, there may be some disputes on sequencing analysis. The aim of this study was to investigate different allele frequency thresholds of mutations in targeted genes on prognostic analyses using a panel of cancer associated gene exons (CAGE) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods: Forty-six patients were included in this study.

Prevalence and Prognostic Role of PIK3CA/AKT1 Mutations in Chinese Breast Cancer Patients.

Purpose: The prevalence of PIK3CA in Chinese breast cancer patients may be underestimated. Therefore, we investigated the distribution of somatic PIK3CA/AKT1 mutations in Chinese breast cancer patients and explored their roles in tumor phenotypes and disease prognosis.

Materials And Methods: Tumors from 507 breast cancer patients were prospectively collected from the West China Hospital between 2008 and 2013.

Stathmin is overexpressed and regulated by mutant p53 in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the oncogenic function and regulatory mechanism of stathmin in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods: Two-dimensional electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-tandem mass chromatography were applied to screen differentiated proteins during carcinogenesis in OSCC. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays, colony formation, migration, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence and a xenograft model were used to detect the function of stathmin.

Foxp3 exhibits antiepileptic effects in ictogenesis involved in TLR4 signaling.

Inflammatory processes play critical roles in epileptogenesis, but the exact mechanisms that underlie these processes are still not completely understood. In this study, we investigated the role of forkhead transcription factor 3 (Foxp3), a transcription factor that is involved in T-cell differentiation, in epileptogenesis. In both human epileptic tissues and experimental seizure models, we found significant up-regulation of Foxp3 in neurons and glial cells.

Toll-Like Receptor 4/MyD88-Mediated Signaling of Hepcidin Expression Causing Brain Iron Accumulation, Oxidative Injury, and Cognitive Impairment After Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Background: Disturbance of brain iron metabolism after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) results in oxidative brain injury and cognition impairment. Hepcidin plays an important role in regulating iron metabolism, and we have reported that serum hepcidin is positively correlated with poor outcomes in patients with ICH. However, the roles of hepcidin in brain iron metabolism after ICH remain largely unknown.