Publications by authors named "Z-S Li"
While all native tRNAs undergo extensive post-transcriptional modifications as a mechanism to regulate gene expression, mapping these modifications remains challenging. The critical barrier is the difficulty of readthrough of modifications by reverse transcriptases (RTs). Here we use Induro-a new group-II intron-encoded RT-to map and quantify genome-wide tRNA modifications in Induro-tRNAseq.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAvoiding food waste has become an important global issue. Given the global impact of food waste and the profound influence of Generation Z on future development, it is crucial to guide them in cultivating awareness and behaviors to reduce food waste, thereby promoting sustainable development. Considering young consumers' specific characteristics and consumption environment, this study extended the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework by adding two constructs of moral self-identity and scarcity mindset.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: An explainable advanced electrocardiography (A-ECG) Heart Age gap is the difference between A-ECG Heart Age and chronological age. This gap is an estimate of accelerated cardiovascular aging expressed in years of healthy human aging, and can intuitively communicate cardiovascular risk to the general population. However, existing A-ECG Heart Age requires sinus rhythm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: CDK4/6 inhibitors are highly valued, but the incidence of cardiovascular adverse events (CVAEs) associated with CDK4/6 inhibitors is not clear.
Objective: Our aim was therefore to assess the risk of developing CVAEs associated with CDK4/6 inhibitors, by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), along with a pharmacovigilance study of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.
Methods: Eligible CVAEs were extracted from the ClinicalTrials.
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers identified 21 human ITPR1 GOF variants and created a mouse model with one of these variants (ITPR1-W1457G), which was found to be prone to stress-induced ventricular arrhythmias.
- * Both mouse models and human data suggest that ITPR1 GOF variants increase Ca handling abnormalities and arrhythmia risk, with 7 rare ITPR1 variants in a human database showing similar GOF behavior linked to cardiac
Article Synopsis
- Cryopreservation of neural organoids and human brain tissue is complex, but a new method using a solution called MEDY has been developed.
- The MEDY protocol includes preparing the cryopreservation solution, creating cortical organoids, and surgically extracting human brain tissue.
- The protocol also outlines steps for cryopreservation, resuscitation, and detection assays, making it a valuable tool for researching human neurological diseases.
Article Synopsis
- IgG4-related disease is a chronic immune disorder with no current approved treatment, and inebilizumab, which targets CD19+ B cells, is being tested as a potential therapy.
- In a phase 3 trial, 135 adults with active IgG4-related disease were randomly assigned to receive either inebilizumab or a placebo, and the primary measure was time until the first disease flare.
- Results showed that patients receiving inebilizumab had significantly fewer disease flares (10% vs. 60% in the placebo group), lower annual flare rates, and higher rates of complete remission without treatment compared to those in the placebo group.
Article Synopsis
- This study aimed to evaluate and compare the health utility scores from different countries' EQ-5D-Y-3L value sets among adolescents in China, focusing on measuring health status in junior high school students aged 10-18.
- Over 97,000 students participated in a survey from July to September 2021 across 16 cities in Shandong province, assessing the validity and agreement of these value sets.
- Findings revealed that the Indonesian value set scored the highest in health utility, while the scores from Asian countries were generally higher than those from European countries, indicating good agreement and strong correlations among the different value sets.
Background: To evaluate the utility of glucose chemical exchange saturation transfer (glucoCEST) MRI with non-contrast injection in predicting the histological grade of rectal cancer.
Methods: This prospective analysis included 60 patients with preoperative rectal cancer who underwent pelvic glucoCEST, amide proton transfer-weighted imaging (APTWI), and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). In total, 21 low-grade and 39 high-grade cases were confirmed by postoperative pathology.
Article Synopsis
- Recent guidelines suggest that individuals with prehypertension (130/80 to 139/89 mm Hg) should consider antihypertensive treatment; this study assesses the cost-effectiveness of three interventions: salt substitution, antihypertensive drugs, and their combination in Chinese adults.
- A Markov cohort model was used to estimate the impact of these interventions on cardiovascular disease events, costs, and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), utilizing data from the China Kadoorie Biobank.
- The findings indicate that salt substitution is the most cost-effective strategy for prehypertensive individuals starting at age 40, while a combination intervention is best for those at high cardiovascular risk; beginning these interventions at younger ages can lead to more
Article Synopsis
- - Acid α-glucosidase (GAA) deficiency leads to Pompe disease, which is characterized by glycogen buildup resulting in varying severity from infantile to adult onset; there is a need for better biomarkers to track treatment effects.
- - Researchers analyzed exosomes from serum and urine of a Pompe disease mouse model and healthy mice, finding significant differences in the abundance of 113 miRNAs and various proteins, indicating potential biomarkers for the disease.
- - The study suggests that exosomes could serve as valuable biomarkers for Pompe Disease, and further analysis of miRNA and protein content in these exosomes may provide deeper insights into the disease’s mechanisms.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the link between inflammation and tissue fibrosis in human cardiac diseases, revealing unique fibroblast populations that contribute to heart dysfunction.
- Researchers used advanced techniques on heart samples to uncover these fibroblast types and their relationship with immune cells, specifically CCR2 macrophages, in promoting fibrosis through IL-1β signaling.
- By blocking IL-1β signaling, the study demonstrated reduced fibrosis and improved heart function, suggesting that targeting inflammation could be a promising approach for treating cardiac fibrosis.
Background: To introduce a new flange technique (called the Z.S. fixation technique) for 8 - 0 polypropylene suture in scleral fixation of a one-piece intraocular lens (IOL) and evaluate its effectiveness and safety.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Blood tests have the potential to improve the accuracy of Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical diagnosis, which will enable greater access to AD-specific treatments. This study compared leading commercial blood tests for amyloid pathology and other AD-related outcomes.
Methods: Plasma samples from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative were assayed with AD blood tests from C2N Diagnostics, Fujirebio Diagnostics, ALZPath, Janssen, Roche Diagnostics, and Quanterix.
Article Synopsis
- - The study aimed to create and validate a new computed tomography (CT)-based fracture risk assessment model (FRCT) specifically for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- - Researchers analyzed data from 284 COPD patients, using the Boruta algorithm to identify important variables, ultimately developing a user-friendly nomogram for predicting fracture risks.
- - The FRCT model predicted fragility fractures more accurately than the standard FRAX tool, with better calibration and a significant net benefit, making it a valuable resource for clinicians helping COPD patients manage their fracture risks.
Article Synopsis
- Scientists created a computer program called ReportGuidedNet that helps find brain problems in MRI scans by using information from radiology reports.
- They tested this program on thousands of brain scans from different hospitals and compared it to another program called PlainNet that didn’t use report info.
- ReportGuidedNet did a much better job at diagnosing brain conditions and understanding where to look on the scans, making it more reliable and easier to explain its findings.
Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of severe illness in infants, with no effective treatment. Results of a phase 2 trial suggested that ziresovir may have efficacy in the treatment of infants hospitalized with RSV infection.
Methods: In a phase 3, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted in China, we enrolled participants 1 to 24 months of age who were hospitalized with RSV infection.
Intercalated Architecture of the CaAZ Monolayer with High Electron Mobilities and High Power Conversion Efficiencies.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
September 2024
The exploration of novel two-dimensional (2D) materials with a direct band gap and high mobility has attracted huge attention due to their potential application in electronic and optoelectronic devices. Here, we propose a feasible way to construct multiatomic monolayer CaAZ (A = Al and Ga and Z = S, Se, and Te) by first-principles calculations. Our results indicated that the energies of α-phase CaAZ are slightly lower than those of experimentally synthesized α-phase-like CaAZ monolayers with excellent structural stability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe precise control of and configurations of the carbon-carbon double bond in alkene synthesis has long been a fundamental challenge in synthetic chemistry, even more pronounced when simultaneously striving to achieve enantioselectivity [(,), (,), (,), (,)]. Moreover, enantiopure non-natural α-amino acids are highly sought after in organic and medicinal chemistry. In this study, we report a ligand-controlled stereodivergent synthesis of non-natural α-quaternary amino acids bearing trisubstituted alkene moieties in high yields with excellent enantioselectivity and / selectivities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) complicates the delivery of therapeutic proteins due to excess extracellular matrix (ECM), leading to the development of a new treatment strategy called "Fibrosis overexpression and retention (FORT)."
- FORT utilizes specially designed retinoid-derivative lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) that enhance mRNA expression in fibrotic areas and include modifications to promote protein anchoring in the ECM.
- The approach has shown a tenfold increase in protein expression and improved retention of engineered therapeutic proteins in fibrotic lesions, proving effective in various animal models of MASH while reducing toxicity.
Improving Fairness of Automated Chest Radiograph Diagnosis by Contrastive Learning.
Radiol Artif Intell
September 2024
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to create an AI model using supervised contrastive learning (SCL) to reduce bias in diagnosing chest radiographs, particularly for COVID-19.
- Evaluated on two large datasets (MIDRC and ChestX-ray14), the model showed significant improvements in reducing bias across different demographic groups, with various measures displaying strong statistical significance.
- The findings suggest that SCL can enhance fairness and reliability in AI-driven diagnostic methods for chest radiographs, making it a promising tool in medical imaging.
Article Synopsis
- Deep learning (DL) has the potential to enhance the diagnosis of cerebral aneurysms by utilizing large multicenter data sets for better segmentation and detection in CT angiography (CTA) images.
- A retrospective collection of CTA images from eight hospitals was used to develop and test a DL model, with performance assessed against radiology reports using the Dice similarity coefficient and receiver operating characteristic curves.
- The model demonstrated a high accuracy with a DSC of 0.87 for segmentation and 85.7% sensitivity in detecting aneurysms, performing comparably to traditional radiology assessments and processing scans relatively quickly in 1.76 minutes.
Pulmonary artery aneurysm: computed tomography (CT) imaging findings and diagnosis.
Quant Imaging Med Surg
August 2024
Pulmonary artery aneurysm (PAA) is a rare pulmonary vascular disease with nonspecific symptoms and various etiologies. As the disease progresses, in addition to the dilation of the pulmonary arteries, it may be accompanied by remodeling of the cardiac structure and changes in the morphology of the aorta. Recognizing the cause of PAA is therefore a clinically challenging task.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- * Pulmonary long COVID was observed in 8.7% and 17.8% of patients at 1- and 2-year visits, while renal long COVID affected 15.2% and 23.9% of patients, respectively.
- * A machine learning model accurately predicted these long COVID outcomes using initial clinical and multi-omics data, and proteomics identified specific biomarkers linked to lung and kidney issues.