Increased Lateral Femoral Condyle Ratio Is Associated With a Greater Risk of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Concomitant Anterolateral Ligament and Meniscus Injuries.

Purpose: To investigate whether lateral femoral condyle ratio (LFCR) and lateral femoral condyle index (LFCI) were associated with a greater risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and concomitant injuries.

Methods: This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and was registered on PROSPERO. PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to April 1, 2024.

Sodium oligomannate disrupts the adherence of Rib bacteria to gut epithelia to block SAA-triggered Th1 inflammation in 5XFAD transgenic mice.

Sodium oligomannate (GV-971), an oligosaccharide drug approved in China for treating mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD), was previously found to recondition the gut microbiota and limit altered peripheral Th1 immunity in AD transgenic mice. As a follow-up study, we here made advances by pinpointing a Lactobacillus murinus (L.m.

Integrated omics profiling reveals systemic dysregulation and potential biomarkers in the blood of patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are autoimmune conditions that affect the central nervous system. The contribution of peripheral abnormalities to the disease's pathogenesis is not well understood.

Methods: To investigate this, we employed a multi-omics approach analyzing blood samples from 52 NMOSD patients and 46 healthy controls (HC).

CAR-Macrophage Therapy Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Background: Given the growing acknowledgment of the detrimental effects of excessive myocardial fibrosis on pathological remodeling after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R), targeting the modulation of myocardial fibrosis may offer protective and therapeutic advantages. However, effective clinical interventions and therapies that target myocardial fibrosis remain limited. As a promising chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) cell therapy, whether CAR macrophages (CAR-Ms) can be used to treat I/R remains unclear.

Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9 Protects Against Myocardial Infarction by Improving Lymphatic Drainage Function and Triggering DECR1-Mediated Mitochondrial Bioenergetics.

Background: BMP9 (bone morphogenetic protein 9) is a member of the TGF-β (transforming growth factor β) family of cytokines with pleiotropic effects on glucose metabolism, fibrosis, and lymphatic development. However, the role of BMP9 in myocardial infarction (MI) remains elusive.

Methods: The expressional profiles of BMP9 in cardiac tissues and plasma samples of subjects with MI were determined by immunoassay or immunoblot.

Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Nucleic Acid Modifications: From Beginning to Future.

Nucleic acids are fundamental biological molecules that encode and convey genetic information within living organisms. Over 150 modifications have been found in nucleic acids, which are involved in critical biological functions, including regulating gene expression, stabilizing nucleic acid structure, modulating protein translation, and so on. The dysregulation of nucleic acid modifications is correlated with many diseases such as cancers and neurological disorders.

Intestinal Lymphatic Biology, Drug Delivery, and Therapeutics: Current Status and Future Directions.

Historically, the intestinal lymphatics were considered passive conduits for fluids, immune cells, dietary lipids, lipid soluble vitamins, and lipophilic drugs. Studies of intestinal lymphatic drug delivery in the late 20th century focused primarily on the drugs' physicochemical properties, especially high lipophilicity, that resulted in intestinal lymphatic transport. More recent discoveries have changed our traditional view by demonstrating that the lymphatics are active, plastic, and tissue-specific players in a range of biological and pathological processes, including within the intestine.

RNA Helicase DDX5 Maintains Cardiac Function by Regulating Alternative Splicing.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. RNA-binding proteins are identified as regulators of cardiac disease; DDX5 (dead-box helicase 5) is a master regulator of many RNA processes, although its function in heart physiology remains unclear.

Methods: We assessed DDX5 expression in human failing hearts and a mouse HF model.

Protocol for performing deep learning-based fundus fluorescein angiography image analysis with classification and segmentation tasks.

Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) examinations are widely used in the evaluation of fundus disease conditions to facilitate further treatment suggestions. Here, we present a protocol for performing deep learning-based FFA image analytics with classification and segmentation tasks. We describe steps for data preparation, model implementation, statistical analysis, and heatmap visualization.

Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source: A Subgroup Analysis of the CHANCE-2 Trial.

Background: The atherosclerotic sources of embolism are a significant contributor to embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS). However, there is limited evidence for the efficacy of intensive dual antiplatelet therapy for ESUS. We conducted an investigation to determine whether gene-directed dual antiplatelet therapy could reduce the risk of recurrent stroke in patients with ESUS.

Positive Associations of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances With Hypertension May Be Attenuated by Endogenous Sex Hormones: A Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) has endocrine-disrupting properties and may affect blood pressure. Endogenous hormones also play a crucial role in the progression of hypertension. However, their interaction with hypertension remains to be explored.

US-based Sequential Algorithm Integrating an AI Model for Advanced Liver Fibrosis Screening.

Background Noninvasive tests can be used to screen patients with chronic liver disease for advanced liver fibrosis; however, the use of single tests may not be adequate. Purpose To construct sequential clinical algorithms that include a US deep learning (DL) model and compare their ability to predict advanced liver fibrosis with that of other noninvasive tests. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included adult patients with a history of chronic liver disease or unexplained abnormal liver function test results who underwent B-mode US of the liver between January 2014 and September 2022 at three health care facilities.

Orphan Nuclear Receptor NR4A3 Promotes Vascular Calcification via Histone Lactylation.

Background: Medial arterial calcification is a chronic systemic vascular disorder distinct from atherosclerosis and is commonly observed in patients with chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and aging individuals. We previously showed that NR4A3 (nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3), an orphan nuclear receptor, is a key regulator in apo (apolipoprotein) A-IV-induced atherosclerosis progression; however, its role in vascular calcification is poorly understood.

Methods: We generated NR4A3 mice and 2 different types of medial arterial calcification models to investigate the biological roles of NR4A3 in vascular calcification.

Structural basis for dimerization of a paramyxovirus polymerase complex.

The transcription and replication processes of non-segmented, negative-strand RNA viruses (nsNSVs) are catalyzed by a multi-functional polymerase complex composed of the large protein (L) and a cofactor protein, such as phosphoprotein (P). Previous studies have shown that the nsNSV polymerase can adopt a dimeric form, however, the structure of the dimer and its function are poorly understood. Here we determine a 2.

Integrated multi-omics analysis reveals gut microbiota dysbiosis and systemic disturbance in major depressive disorder.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) involves systemic changes in peripheral blood and gut microbiota, but the current understanding is incomplete. Herein, we conducted a multi-omics analysis of fecal and blood samples obtained from an observational cohort including MDD patients (n = 99) and healthy control (HC, n = 50). 16S rRNA sequencing of gut microbiota showed structural alterations in MDD, as characterized by increased Enterococcus.

Citric acid/chitosan adhesive with viscosity-controlled for wood bonding through supramolecular self-assembly.

Developing bio-based sustainable wood adhesives is significant as a substitute for petroleum-derived adhesives. However, the existing bio-based adhesives have disadvantages of complex fabrication, uncontrollable viscosity, and poor water resistance. Herein, we developed a citric acid/chitosan adhesive with viscosity-controlled and water-resistant features by one-step dissolution at room temperature based on the supramolecular self-assembly strategy.

Olgotrelvir, a dual inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 M and cathepsin L, as a standalone antiviral oral intervention candidate for COVID-19.

Background: Oral antiviral drugs with improved antiviral potency and safety are needed to address current challenges in clinical practice for treatment of COVID-19, including the risks of rebound, drug-drug interactions, and emerging resistance.

Methods: Olgotrelvir (STI-1558) is designed as a next-generation antiviral targeting the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M), an essential enzyme for SARS-CoV-2 replication, and human cathepsin L (CTSL), a key enzyme for SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells.

Findings: Olgotrelvir is a highly bioavailable oral prodrug that is converted in plasma to its active form, AC1115.