Performance of deep learning model and radiomics model for preoperative prediction of spread through air spaces in the surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma: a two-center comparative study.

Background: Spread through air spaces (STAS) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a distinct pattern of intrapulmonary metastasis where tumor cells disseminate within the pulmonary parenchyma beyond the primary tumor margins. This phenomenon was officially included in the World Health Organization (WHO)'s classification of lung tumors in 2015. STAS is characterized by the spread of tumor cells in three forms: single cells, micropapillary clusters, and solid nests.

A cross-sectional investigation of the factors associated with awareness of PEP and PrEP among Queensland university students.

Objective: University creates unique social environments for many young people that can result in behaviour changes that can impact sexual health-related risks and facilitate transmission of HIV. Little is known about HIV knowledge, risk, and awareness of pre-exposure prophylaxis/post-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP/PEP) among Australian university students.

Methods: A 2019 online survey distributed through Queensland universities, using active recruitment/snowball sampling.

Clinical Trajectories at the End of Life in Autopsy-Confirmed Dementia Patients With Alzheimer Disease and Lewy Bodies Pathologies.

Background And Objectives: Evaluating and understanding the heterogeneity in dementia course has important implications for clinical practice, health care decision-making, and research. However, inconsistent findings have been reported with regard to the disease courses of the 2 most common dementias: Alzheimer disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Using autopsy-confirmed diagnoses, we aimed to examine the disease trajectories in the years before death among patients with dementia with pure AD, pure DLB, or mixed (AD and DLB) pathologies.

Solution for Mass Production of High-Throughput Digital Microfluidic Chip Based on a-Si TFT with In-Pixel Boost Circuit.

As one of the most popular research hotspot of lab-on-chip, digital microfluidic (DMF) technology based on the principle of electrowetting has unique advantages of high-precision, low cost and programmable control. However, due to the limitation of electrodes number, the throughput is hard to further upgrade. Therefore, active matrix electrowetting-on-dielectric (AM-EWOD) technology is a solution to acquire larger scale of driving electrodes.

IL-17 production by tissue-resident MAIT cells is locally induced in children with pneumonia.

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) contributes substantially to morbidity and mortality in children under the age of 5 years. In examining bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs) of children with CAP, we found that interleukin-17 (IL-17) production was significantly increased in severe CAP. Immune profiling showed that mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells from the BALs, but not blood, of CAP patients actively produced IL-17 (MAIT17).

Synaptic Dynamics of the Feed-forward Inhibitory Circuitry Gating Mechanical Allodynia in Mice.

Background: The authors' previous studies have found that spinal protein kinase C γ expressing neurons are involved in the feed-forward inhibitory circuit gating mechanical allodynia in the superficial dorsal horn. The authors hypothesize that nerve injury enhances the excitability of spinal protein kinase C γ expressing interneurons due to disinhibition of the feed-forward inhibitory circuit, and enables Aβ primary inputs to activate spinal protein kinase C γ expressing interneurons.

Methods: Prkcg-P2A-tdTomato mice were constructed using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated nuclease 9 technology, and were used to analyze the electrophysiologic properties of spinal protein kinase C γ expressing neurons in both normal conditions and pathologic conditions induced by chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve.

Study of the interactions of a novel monoclonal antibody, mAb059c, with the hPD-1 receptor.

Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibodies have been approved by regulatory agencies for the treatment of various types of cancer, and the mechanism involves the restoration of T cell functions. We report herein the X-ray crystal structure of a fully human monoclonal antibody mAb059c fragment antigen-binding (Fab) in complex with the PD-1 extracellular domain (ECD) at a resolution of 1.70 Å.

Leptin Induces Hypertension Acting on Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 7 Channel in the Carotid Body.

Rationale: Obesity leads to resistant hypertension and mechanisms are poorly understood, but high plasma levels of leptin have been implicated. Leptin increases blood pressure acting both centrally in the dorsomedial hypothalamus and peripherally. Sites of the peripheral hypertensive effect of leptin have not been identified.

Serum Ngb (Neuroglobin) Is Associated With Brain Metabolism and Functional Outcome of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Background and Purpose- Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage is a well-recognized physiopathologic mechanism after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). The Ngb (neuroglobin) is a hemoprotein predominantly expressed in the brain with a high affinity for oxygen. Relationship between serum Ngb level and brain metabolism in aSAH patients has not been investigated previously.

Mrp3 Transports Clopidogrel Acyl Glucuronide from the Hepatocytes into Blood.

Clopidogrel acyl glucuronide (CLP-G) is a major phase II metabolite of clopidogrel generated in the liver for further excretion into urine; however, it is unclear whether CLP-G transports from hepatocytes into blood. Because multidrug resistance-associated protein 3 (MRP3) is predominantly expressed in the sinusoidal side of hepatocytes and preferentially transports glucuronide conjugates of drug metabolites from hepatocytes into bloodstream, we hypothesized that MRP3 could be such an efflux transporter for CLP-G. In this study, we compared the liver-to-plasma ratios of clopidogrel and its metabolites (including CLP-G) between (ATP-binding cassette, subfamily C, member 3) knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice.

Gastric Acid Secretion from Parietal Cells Is Mediated by a Ca Efflux Channel in the Tubulovesicle.

Gastric acid secretion by parietal cells requires trafficking and exocytosis of H/K-ATPase-rich tubulovesicles (TVs) toward apical membranes in response to histamine stimulation via cyclic AMP elevation. Here, we found that TRPML1 (ML1), a protein that is mutated in type IV mucolipidosis (ML-IV), is a tubulovesicular channel essential for TV exocytosis and acid secretion. Whereas ML-IV patients are reportedly achlorhydric, transgenic overexpression of ML1 in mouse parietal cells induced constitutive acid secretion.

Development and Validation of a Grading Scale for Primary Pontine Hemorrhage.

Background And Purpose: We aimed to develop and validate a grading scale for predicting 30-day mortality and 90-day functional outcome in patients with primary pontine hemorrhage (PPH).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records of consecutive patients with first-ever pontine hemorrhage from 3 teaching hospitals between 2005 and 2012. Independent factors associated with 30-day mortality were identified by logistic regression to establish a risk stratification scale, named the new PPH score.

Synthesis, structures and magnetic properties of polynuclear mixed-valence Mn(II)Mn(III) complexes containing 3-(2-phenol)-5-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazole ligand.

This paper reports the synthesis, crystal structures, and magnetic properties of a series of mixed-valence polynuclear manganese complexes bridged by a dianionic 1,2,4-triazole-based ligand L(2-) (H(2)L = 3-(2-phenol)-5-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazole). Complexes 1 to 3 show a similar binuclear structure, with the central core of [Mn(II)Mn(III)(L)(2)] and some other small molecules also coordinated to the two Mn centers. The two [Mn(II)Mn(III)(L)(2)] subunits can be further connected by different dicarboxylic acids to construct non-charged tetranuclear complexes 4 to 7.

A geographic comparison of the prevalence and risk factors for postnatal depression in an Australian population.

Objective: This study sought to compare the contribution of demographic and psychosocial variables on the prevalence of, and risk for, PND in urban and rural women.

Methods: Demographic, psychosocial risk factor and mental health data was collected from urban (n=908) and rural (n=1,058) women attending perinatal health services in Victoria, Australia. Initial analyses determined similarities and significant differences between demographic and psychosocial variables.

Antibody patterns in the serological diagnosis of acute lymphadenopathic toxoplasmosis.

Sera from six patients at various stages of acute lymphadenopathic toxoplasmosis were tested using nine different types of test currently available for the serological diagnosis of the disease. A diagnosis was made on positive serology in three of the patients. The antibody patterns of two of these patients were studied over a period of six months and the third was studied over two months.