Feasibility of Sub-milliSievert Low-dose Computed Tomography with Deep Learning Image Reconstruction in Evaluating Pulmonary Subsolid Nodules: A Prospective Intra-individual Comparison Study.

Rationale And Objectives: To comprehensively assess the feasibility of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) using deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) for evaluating pulmonary subsolid nodules, which are challenging due to their susceptibility to noise.

Materials And Methods: Patients undergoing both standard-dose CT (SDCT) and LDCT between March and June 2023 were prospectively enrolled. LDCT images were reconstructed with high-strength DLIR (DLIR-H), medium-strength DLIR (DLIR-M), adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-V level 50% (ASIR-V-50%), and filtered back projection (FBP); SDCT with FBP as the reference standard.

Effect of Acupuncture for Methadone Reduction : A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) is effective for managing opioid use disorder, but adverse effects mean that optimal therapy occurs with the lowest dose that controls opioid craving.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of acupuncture versus sham acupuncture on methadone dose reduction.

Design: Multicenter, 2-group, randomized, sham-controlled trial.

Neoadjuvant PARPi or chemotherapy in ovarian cancer informs targeting effector Treg cells for homologous-recombination-deficient tumors.

Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) is prevalent in cancer, sensitizing tumor cells to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition. However, the impact of HRD and related therapies on the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains elusive. Our study generates single-cell gene expression and T cell receptor profiles, along with validatory multimodal datasets from >100 high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) samples, primarily from a phase II clinical trial (NCT04507841).

Machine Learning Models for Brain Arteriovenous Malformations Presenting with Hemorrhage Based on Clinical and Angioarchitectural Characteristics.

Rationale And Objectives: This study aims to develop the best diagnostic model for brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) rupture by using machine learning (ML) algorithms.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively included 353 adult patients with ruptured and unruptured bAVMs. The clinical and radiological data on patients were collected.

Association Between Serum Bilirubin, Lipid Levels, and Prevalence of Femoral and Carotid Atherosclerosis: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Bilirubin may prevent lipid peroxidation and have important antiatherosclerotic effects. We determined associations of serum bilirubin and lipid with peripheral atherosclerosis.

Methods: We included 4290 participants (35% men; median age, 60 years) from the southeast China who underwent B-mode ultrasound examination.

Efficacy and Safety of the RBD-Dimer-Based Covid-19 Vaccine ZF2001 in Adults.

Background: The ZF2001 vaccine, which contains a dimeric form of the receptor-binding domain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and aluminum hydroxide as an adjuvant, was shown to be safe, with an acceptable side-effect profile, and immunogenic in adults in phase 1 and 2 clinical trials.

Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial to investigate the efficacy and confirm the safety of ZF2001. The trial was performed at 31 clinical centers across Uzbekistan, Indonesia, Pakistan, and Ecuador; an additional center in China was included in the safety analysis only.

Structure-Based Design of A-1293102, a Potent and Selective BCL-X Inhibitor.

BCL-X, an antiapoptotic member of the BCL-2 family of proteins, drives tumor survival and maintenance and thus represents a key target for cancer treatment. Herein we report the rational design of a novel series of selective BCL-X inhibitors exemplified by A-1293102. This molecule contains structural elements of selective BCL-X inhibitor A-1155463 and the dual BCL-X/BCL-2 inhibitors ABT-737 and navitoclax, while representing a distinct pharmacophore as assessed by an objective cheminformatic evaluation.

Hypertension, Arterial Stiffness, and Clinical Outcomes: A Cohort Study of Chinese Community-Based Population.

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Trends in risk stratification, in-hospital management and mortality of patients with acute pulmonary embolism: an analysis from the China pUlmonary thromboembolism REgistry Study (CURES).

Similar trends of management and in-hospital mortality of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) have been reported in European and American populations. However, these tendencies are not clear in Asian countries. We retrospectively analysed the trends of risk stratification, management and in-hospital mortality for patients with acute PE through a multicentre registry in China (CURES).

A Hemodynamic Mechanism Correlating with the Initiation of MCA Bifurcation Aneurysms.

Background And Purpose: Previous studies have reported that MCA bifurcation aneurysms usually emerge on inclined bifurcations; however, the reason is unclear. We designed this study to explore hemodynamic mechanisms that correlate with the initiation of MCA bifurcation aneurysms.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-four patients with unilateral MCA bifurcation aneurysms and 54 control patients were enrolled in this study after propensity score matching, and their clinical and CTA data were collected.

β-amyloid redirects norepinephrine signaling to activate the pathogenic GSK3β/tau cascade.

The brain noradrenergic system is critical for normal cognition and is affected at early stages in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we reveal a previously unappreciated direct role of norepinephrine signaling in connecting β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau, two key pathological components of AD pathogenesis. Our results show that Aβ oligomers bind to an allosteric site on α adrenergic receptor (αAR) to redirect norepinephrine-elicited signaling to glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) activation and tau hyperphosphorylation.

SHADE AVOIDANCE 4 Is Required for Proper Auxin Distribution in the Hypocotyl.

The phytohormone auxin is involved in virtually every aspect of plant growth and development. Through polar auxin transport, auxin gradients can be established, which then direct plant differentiation and growth. Shade avoidance responses are well-known processes that require polar auxin transport.

Improved peptide identification for proteomic analysis based on comprehensive characterization of electron transfer dissociation spectra.

In recent years, electron transfer dissociation (ETD) has enjoyed widespread applications from sequencing of peptides with or without post-translational modifications to top-down analysis of intact proteins. However, peptide identification rates from ETD spectra compare poorly with those from collision induced dissociation (CID) spectra, especially for doubly charged precursors. This is in part due to an insufficient understanding of the characteristics of ETD and consequently a failure of database search engines to make use of the rich information contained in the ETD spectra.