iDIA-QC: AI-empowered data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry-based quality control.

Quality control (QC) in mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics is mainly based on data-dependent acquisition (DDA) analysis of standard samples. Here, we collect 2754 files acquired by data independent acquisition (DIA) and paired 2638 DDA files from mouse liver digests using 21 mass spectrometers across nine laboratories over 31 months. Our data demonstrate that DIA-based LC-MS/MS-related consensus QC metrics exhibit higher sensitivity compared to DDA-based QC metrics in detecting changes in LC-MS status.

Cardiovascular Events Associated with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: A Safety Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and a Pharmacovigilance Study of the FAERS Database.

Background: CDK4/6 inhibitors are highly valued, but the incidence of cardiovascular adverse events (CVAEs) associated with CDK4/6 inhibitors is not clear.

Objective: Our aim was therefore to assess the risk of developing CVAEs associated with CDK4/6 inhibitors, by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), along with a pharmacovigilance study of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

Methods: Eligible CVAEs were extracted from the ClinicalTrials.

[Spatial-temporal distribution of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Henan Province, 1995-2020].

To identify the spatial clustering and its temporal trends among newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Henan Province during 1995-2020, and to provide evidence for strategies on prevention and control of the disease. Information about newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Henan between 1995 and 2020 were obtained from China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and to describe their demographic characteristics, spatial autocorrelation and changing trends. This program was conducted at county level, using the ArcGIS 10.

Chinese guidelines for minimally invasive donor hepatectomy in living donor liver transplantation (2024 edition).

Background: Minimally invasive surgeries are increasingly central to modern medicine, particularly in liver transplantation. These techniques, which offer reduced trauma, precise operations, minimal bleeding, and swift recovery, are, however, unevenly adopted across China. Only a limited number of centers routinely perform minimally invasive donor hepatectomies, indicating a significant imbalance in the development and application of these advanced procedures.

Remolding the tumor microenvironment by bacteria augments adoptive T cell therapy in advanced-stage solid tumors.

The intricate tumor microenvironment presents formidable obstacles to the efficacy of adoptive T cell therapy in the management of solid tumors by limiting the infiltration and inducing exhaustion of the transferred T cells. Here, we developed a bacterial-based adjuvant approach that augments the efficacy of adoptive T-cell therapy for solid tumor treatment. Our study reveals that intratumor injection of E.

Construction of a lung cancer 3D culture model based on alginate/gelatin micro-beads for drug evaluation.

Background: Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. Despite advances in lung cancer treatment, patients still face challenges related to drug resistance and recurrence. Current methods for evaluating anti-cancer drug activity are insufficient, as they rely on two-dimensional (2D) cell culture and animal models.

An orally administered glucose-responsive polymeric complex for high-efficiency and safe delivery of insulin in mice and pigs.

Contrary to current insulin formulations, endogenous insulin has direct access to the portal vein, regulating glucose metabolism in the liver with minimal hypoglycaemia. Here we report the synthesis of an amphiphilic diblock copolymer comprising a glucose-responsive positively charged segment and polycarboxybetaine. The mixing of this polymer with insulin facilitates the formation of worm-like micelles, achieving highly efficient absorption by the gastrointestinal tract and the creation of a glucose-responsive reservoir in the liver.

Emerging chemophysiological diversity of gut microbiota metabolites.

Human physiology is profoundly influenced by the gut microbiota, which generates a wide array of metabolites. These microbiota-derived compounds serve as signaling molecules, interacting with various cellular targets in the gastrointestinal tract and distant organs, thereby impacting our immune, metabolic, and neurobehavioral systems. Recent advancements have unveiled unique physiological functions of diverse metabolites derived from tryptophan (Trp) and bile acids (BAs).

The correlation between menstrual characteristics and fertility in women of reproductive age: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Importance: Menstruation serves as an indicator of women's reproductive well-being and plays a pivotal role in their fertility; nevertheless, there remains an ongoing debate regarding the epidemiological evidence linking menstrual characteristics as well as fertility.

Objective: To explore the correlation between menstrual characteristics and fertility in women of reproductive age.

Data Sources: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane libraries to identify research articles published up until February 9, 2024.

Lung tumor discrimination by deep neural network model CanDo via DNA methylation in bronchial lavage.

Bronchoscopic-assisted discrimination of lung tumors presents challenges, especially in cases with contraindications or inaccessible lesions. Through meta-analysis and validation using the HumanMethylation450 database, this study identified methylation markers for molecular discrimination in lung tumors and designed a sequencing panel. DNA samples from 118 bronchial washing fluid (BWF) specimens underwent enrichment via multiplex PCR before targeted methylation sequencing.

Efficacy of Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision to Prevent HIV Infection Among Men Who Have Sex With Men : A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Observational studies suggest that voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) may lower HIV risk among men who have sex with men (MSM). A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is needed to confirm this.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of VMMC in preventing incident HIV infection among MSM.

Potent human monoclonal antibodies targeting Epstein-Barr virus gp42 reveal vulnerable sites for virus infection.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is linked to various malignancies and autoimmune diseases, posing a significant global health challenge due to the lack of specific treatments or vaccines. Despite its crucial role in EBV infection in B cells, the mechanisms of the glycoprotein gp42 remain elusive. In this study, we construct an antibody phage library from 100 EBV-positive individuals, leading to the identification of two human monoclonal antibodies, 2B7 and 2C1.

Plaque Ruptures Are Related to High Plaque Stress and Strain Conditions: Direct Verification by Using In Vivo OCT Rupture Data and FSI Models.

Background: While it has been hypothesized that high plaque stress and strain may be related to plaque rupture, its direct verification using in vivo coronary plaque rupture data and full 3-dimensional fluid-structure interaction models is lacking in the current literature due to difficulty in obtaining in vivo plaque rupture imaging data from patients with acute coronary syndrome. This case-control study aims to use high-resolution optical coherence tomography-verified in vivo plaque rupture data and 3-dimensional fluid-structure interaction models to seek direct evidence for the high plaque stress/strain hypothesis.

Methods: In vivo coronary plaque optical coherence tomography data (5 ruptured plaques, 5 no-rupture plaques) were acquired from patients using a protocol approved by the local institutional review board with informed consent obtained.

ABBV-319: a CD19-targeting glucocorticoid receptor modulator antibody-drug conjugate therapy for B-cell malignancies.

Glucocorticoids are key components of the standard-of-care treatment regimens for B-cell malignancy. However, systemic glucocorticoid treatment is associated with several adverse events. ABBV-319 is a CD19-targeting antibody-drug conjugate engineered to reduce glucocorticoid-associated toxicities while possessing 3 distinct mechanisms of action (MOA) to increase therapeutic efficacy: (1) antibody-mediated delivery of a glucocorticoid receptor modulator (GRM) payload to activate apoptosis, (2) inhibition of CD19 signaling, and (3) enhanced fragment crystallizable (Fc)-mediated effector function via afucosylation of the antibody backbone.

PD-L1 mRNA derived from tumor-educated platelets as a potential immunotherapy biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: To date, the role of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) messenger RNA (mRNA) derived from tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) has not been well investigated in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A few reports have examined whether mRNA in TEPs can predict the clinical responses of patients with advanced NSCLC following immunotherapy. This study aimed to identify novel biomarkers to improve the clinical benefits and outcomes of NSCLC patients.

Thalidomide for Recurrent Bleeding Due to Small-Intestinal Angiodysplasia.

Background: Recurrent bleeding from the small intestine accounts for 5 to 10% of cases of gastrointestinal bleeding and remains a therapeutic challenge. Thalidomide has been evaluated for the treatment of recurrent bleeding due to small-intestinal angiodysplasia (SIA), but confirmatory trials are lacking.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of thalidomide for the treatment of recurrent bleeding due to SIA.

An in situ dual-anchoring strategy for enhanced immobilization of PD-L1 to treat autoimmune diseases.

Immune checkpoints play key roles in maintaining self-tolerance. Targeted potentiation of the checkpoint molecule PD-L1 through in situ manipulation offers clinical promise for patients with autoimmune diseases. However, the therapeutic effects of these approaches are often compromised by limited specificity and inadequate expression.

mRNA-based Vaccines Targeting the T-cell Epitope-rich Domain of Epstein Barr Virus Latent Proteins Elicit Robust Anti-Tumor Immunity in Mice.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with various malignancies and infects >90% of the global population. EBV latent proteins are expressed in numerous EBV-associated cancers and contribute to carcinogenesis, making them critical therapeutic targets for these cancers. Thus, this study aims to develop mRNA-based therapeutic vaccines that express the T-cell-epitope-rich domain of truncated latent proteins of EBV, including truncatedlatent membrane protein 2A (Trunc-LMP2A), truncated EBV nuclear antigen 1 (Trunc-EBNA1), and Trunc-EBNA3A.

Outcomes Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement for Aortic Stenosis in Patients With Type 0 Bicuspid, Type 1 Bicuspid, and Tricuspid Aortic Valves.

Background: Data concerning the outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement in type 0 bicuspid aortic stenosis (AS) are scarce. The study aims to compare the outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement for AS in patients with type 0 bicuspid, type 1 bicuspid, and tricuspid aortic valve anatomy.

Methods: We enrolled consecutive patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement for severe AS between 2012 and 2022 in this single-center retrospective cohort study.