Engineering Air-Stable Triarylmethyl Radicals with One Pyrrole Ring.

Herein, seven air-stable triarylmethyl radicals (-), each featuring a pyrrole ring, were successfully synthesized. A comprehensive investigation into the linkages at the α-, β-, and -positions of the pyrrole ring, along with various substituents, revealed that the p-π conjugation between the central radical carbon and the pyrrole ring plays a crucial role in the distribution of spin density and overall stability. Notably, radicals to displayed excellent electrochemical and photostability.

Validating Rules for Defining No Improvement of Visual Acuity in Childhood Amblyopia.

Purpose: When treating amblyopia, it is important to define when visual acuity (VA) is no longer improving (i.e., stable) because treatment decisions may be altered based on this determination.

Systematic review of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for post-stroke hemiplegic shoulder pain.

Background: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has shown potential in alleviating hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP) and improving upper limb function, yet its efficacy remains debated. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of rTMS for HSP through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Four databases were searched with the keywords "rTMS" and "HSP".

YBX1 is required for assembly of viral replication complexes of chikungunya virus and replication of multiple alphaviruses.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an enveloped positive-sense RNA virus, is a member of the alphaviruses and cause fever and arthralgia in humans. We performed genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9-based screens and identified Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1) as an essential cellular factor for CHIKV. Deficiency of YBX1 inhibited CHIKV RNA replication and impaired virus production.

Halide-free ion pair organocatalyst from biobased α-hydroxy acid for cycloaddition of CO to epoxide.

The cycloaddition of CO to epoxide (CCE) reactions produce valuable cyclic carbonates useful in the electrolytes of lithium-ion batteries, as organic solvents, and in polymeric materials. However, halide-containing catalysts are predominantly used in these reactions, despite halides being notoriously corrosive to steel processing equipment and residual halides also having harmful effects. To eliminate the reliance on halides as cocatalyst in most CCE reactions, halide-free catalysts are highly desirable.