[Microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy in children and adolescents].

Background: Microsurgical varicocele repair has become the gold standard in adults and only a few reports are available in children and adolescents. We present our experience with this method and concentrate on the technical performance, complications and development of testicular size.

Methods And Results: 47 patients aged 11 to 18 years (x15.

Electrical measurement of tree root absorbing surfaces by the earth impedance method: 2. Verification based on allometric relationships and root severing experiments.

We validated, by means of allometric relationships and root severing experiments, the modified earth impedance method developed for measuring absorbing root surfaces. For the allometric studies, a series of 350 small and large trees of six broadleaf and coniferous species in several experimental sites was examined. We found a good linear ln-ln fit between absorbing root surface area and basal area (or stem cross-sectional area at the root collar in seedlings) over a range of stem diameters from 0.

Electrical measurement of the absorption surfaces of tree roots by the earth impedance method: 1. Theory.

Analysis of plant root systems is difficult under field conditions, especially root systems of adult trees, which are large and complex and include fine absorbing roots as well as conducting coarse roots. Although coarse roots can be visualized by several methods, there are technical difficulties with root quantification. The method presented here focuses on the quantification of absorbing root surfaces through an electrical (the modified earth impedance) method.

Division of lymphatic vessels at varicocelectomy leads to testicular oedema and decline in testicular function according to the LH-RH analogue stimulation test.

Objectives: To study the andrological outcome of the division of testicular lymphatic vessels at varicocelectomy in children and adolescents.

Methods: Testicular size and basal and stimulated luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) values were determined prospectively in 86 patients with left unilateral varicocele grades II-III. 22 patients underwent lymphatic non-sparing surgery (LNS group), 10 of them with artery sparing (LNS/AS) and 12 without artery sparing (LNS/ANS), 23 patients underwent lymphatic sparing repair (LS group) and 41 patients were treated conservatively (NT group).