Fascicle differentiation of upper extremity nerves on high-resolution ultrasound with multimodal microscopic verification.

This study aimed to compare the fascicular anatomy of upper limb nerves visualized using in situ high-resolution ultrasound (HRUS) with ex vivo imaging modalities, namely, magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM), histological cross-sections (HCS), and optical projection tomography (OPT). The median, ulnar, and superficial branch of radial nerve (n = 41) were visualized in 14 cadaveric upper limbs using 22-MHz HRUS. Subsequently, the nerves were excised, imaged with different microscopic techniques, and their morphometric properties were compared.

Multiparametric Ultrasound Assessment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Beyond Nerve Cross-sectional Area.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), the most common mononeuropathy, results from compression of the median nerve within the fibro-osseous carpal tunnel. Diagnosis is typically based on clinical evaluation and confirmed by nerve conduction studies. However, ultrasound (US) has emerged as a valuable noninvasive adjunct for CTS confirmation, offering potential advantages over electrodiagnostic testing in terms of patient comfort and diagnostic accuracy.

Ultrasound Speckle Tracking Method Based on Gradient Optical Flow to Quantify Small Longitudinal Displacement, Shear and Longitudinal Strain in Peripheral Nerves.

Objective: This study aimed to develop, validate and test the clinical feasibility of ultrasound (US) speckle tracking method based on gradient optical flow for quantifying small longitudinal displacements, shear and strain in peripheral nerves.

Methods: The speckle tracking method was validated using seven thawed, fresh-frozen isolated cadaveric forearms. Longitudinal motion of the median nerve was captured using a high-frequency 22 MHz linear probe.

The endocrine manifestations of adults with spinal muscular atrophy.

Introduction/aims: Changes in body composition in patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) can cause endocrine abnormalities that are insufficiently studied in adults. We aimed to assess the endocrine profile in a cohort of adults with SMA. Second, we compared body composition and endocrine profiles between nonambulatory and ambulatory patients and between different types of SMA.

Effect of Online Training on the Reliability of Assessing Sacroiliac Joint Radiographs in Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Randomized, Controlled Study.

Objective: Radiographic assessment of sacroiliac joints (SIJs) according to the modified New York (mNY) criteria is key in the classification of axial spondyloarthritis but has moderate interreader agreement. We aimed to investigate the improvements of the reliability in scoring SIJ radiographs after applying an online real-time iterative calibration (RETIC) module, in addition to a slideshow and video alone.

Methods: Nineteen readers, randomized to 2 groups (A or B), completed 3 calibration steps: (1) review of manuscripts, (2) review of slideshow and video with group A completing RETIC, and (3) re-review of slideshow and video with group B completing RETIC.