Aortic Root Abscess Presenting As Chest Pain and Ischemic EKG Changes: Importance of Timely Diagnosis.

The occurrence of perivalvular abscess, a purulent infection that affects the myocardium and endocardium of natural or artificial valve tissues, can result from either the spread of bacteria from a distant source via bacteremia, or from the expansion of an existing infectious cardiac focus, such as infective endocarditis (IE). The aortic abscess should be suspected in patients with infective endocarditis who fail to improve despite being on appropriate antibiotics. Sometimes aortic abscesses can present as PR interval lengthening or heart block due to the extension of infection.

Retraction: An Overview of the Pathology and Emerging Treatment Approaches for Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.3321.

Retraction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: An Overview of the Disease Pathology and Its Management.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.3288.

Retraction: Neurogenic Stunned Myocardium: A Literature Review.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.3129.

An Overview of the Pathology and Emerging Treatment Approaches for Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome.

Our article will discuss bladder pain syndrome (BPS), which is the presence of chronic suprapubic pain to bladder filling accompanied by other urinary symptoms, such as frequency, urgency, discomfort with filling, and relief with emptying of the bladder in the absence of infections or other pathology. It is mostly seen in females and occurs in 0.06%-30% of the population.