Destabilization of Single-Atom Catalysts: Characterization, Mechanisms, and Regeneration Strategies.

Numerous in situ characterization studies have focused on revealing the catalytic mechanisms of single-atom catalysts (SACs), providing a theoretical basis for their rational design. Although research is relatively limited, the stability of SACs under long-term operating conditions is equally important and a prerequisite for their real-world energy applications, such as fuel cells and water electrolyzers. Recently, there has been a rise in in situ characterization studies on the destabilization and regeneration of SACs; however, timely and comprehensive summaries that provide the catalysis community with valuable insights and research directions are still lacking.

Epigenetics in the modern era of crop improvements.

Epigenetic mechanisms are integral to plant growth, development, and adaptation to environmental stimuli. Over the past two decades, our comprehension of these complex regulatory processes has expanded remarkably, producing a substantial body of knowledge on both locus-specific mechanisms and genome-wide regulatory patterns. Studies initially grounded in the model plant Arabidopsis have been broadened to encompass a diverse array of crop species, revealing the multifaceted roles of epigenetics in physiological and agronomic traits.

Linkage Regulation of β-Ketoamine Covalent Organic Frameworks for Boosting Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting.

Two dimensional β-ketoamine covalent organic frameworks (2D TP-COFs) are one category of promising metal-free catalysts for photocatalytic overall water splitting (OWS) because of their unusual stability and versatile electronic/optical properties. However, none of the currently reported TP-COFs can accomplish the hydrogen evolution (HER) and oxygen evolution reactions (OER) simultaneously without adding any sacrificial agents and cocatalysts. To address this challenging issue, we rationally designed 23 2D TP-COFs by regulating the linkage groups and comprehensively evaluated their OWS activity by using the first-principles method.

Utilizing the Fungal Bicistronic System for Multi-Gene Expression to Generate Insect-Resistant and Herbicide-Tolerant Maize.

Developing simple and efficient multi-gene expression systems is crucial for multi-trait improvement or bioproduction in transgenic plants. In previous research, an -based bicistronic system from the nonpathogenic fungus efficiently expressed multiple enzyme proteins in yeast and maize, and the heterologous enzymes successfully performed their catalytic activity to reconstruct the biosynthetic pathway in the host organism. Unlike enzyme proteins, some heterologous functional proteins (such as insecticidal proteins) are dose-dependent and they need to express sufficient levels to perform their biological functions.

Moderate Active Hydrogen Generation over a NiP/CoP Heterostructure for One-Step Electrosynthesizing of Azobenzene with High Selectivity.

Through hydrogenation and N-N coupling, azobenzene can be produced via highly selective electrocatalytic nitrobenzene reduction, offering a mild, cost-effective, and sustainable industrial route. Inspired by the density functional theory calculations, the introduction of H* active NiP into CoP, which reduces the water dissociation energy barrier, optimizes H* adsorption, and moderates key intermediates' adsorption, is expected to assist its hydrogenation ability for one-step electrosynthesizing azobenzene. A self-supported NiCo@NiP/CoP nanorod array electrode was synthesized, featuring NiCo alloy nanoparticles within a NiP/CoP shell.