The anatomical variability of obturator vessels: Systematic review of literature.

Objective: To systematically assess available information about all variations of obturator vessels and to present the most surgically relevant types, their prevalence and calibre in order to provide a comprehensive overview for both anatomists and clinicians.

Materials And Methods: A total of 2689 studies were found via searching the online databases. After applying exclusion criteria 44 studies were assessed.

A plea for extension of the anatomical nomenclature: Vessels.

This article is the fourth and last part of a series aimed at extending and correcting the anatomical nomenclature. Because of the rapid development of internet and the use of electronic formats in communication in anatomy, embryology, histology, medical education, and clinical medicine, an appropriate, precise, and concise anatomical nomenclature is required. Such tool enables to avoid any potential confusion and possible scientific/medical mistakes.

Where and what arteries are most likely injured with pelvic fractures?: The Influence of Localization, Shape, and Fracture Dislocation on the Arterial Injury During Pelvic Fractures.

Blood vessels passing through pelvic region come into intimate contact with pelvic bone and can be injured by the sharp edges of the dislocated fracture fragments. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of localization, shape, and dislocation of individual pelvic ring bones' fractures on arterial injuries. The study group consisted of 474 patients enrolled in a 1-year prospective multicenter study.

[Risk of bleeding from the internal iliac artery and its branches in pelvic fractures: cadaver study].

Purpose Of The Study: The study was designed to investigate whether anatomical variations of the anterior and posterior divisions of the internal iliac artery and their branches are associated with different risks of bleeding resulting from injury to the posterior pelvic segment.

Material And Methods: The study was carried out on 19 cadavers. The dissected area included the internal iliac artery from the common iliac artery bifurcation to the origins of the superior gluteal artery, the inferior gluteal artery and the internal pudendal artery.

[Imbalance of alpha- and gamma-interferon levels in patients with herpetic keratitis].

The paper presents data on elevated serum and lacrimal fluid alpha- and gamma-interferon (INF) levels in patients with herpetic keratitis (HK) in the course of the disease depending on its clinical form and stage. A more significant increase in the levels of alpha- and gamma-INF was noted in the lacrimal fluid, which was indicative of the important role of local antiherpetic corneal and conjunctival protection. The determination of serum and lacrimal fluid IFN levels in patients with HK may be used to predict the clinical course of the disease.