Effect of the Lipid Peroxidation Product 4-Hydroxynonenal on Neuroinflammation in Microglial Cells: Protective Role of Quercetin and Monochloropivaloylquercetin.

Objectives: The lipid peroxidation-derived aldehyde 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) has been implicated in a number of oxidative stress-induced inflammatory pathologies such as neurodegenerative diseases and aging. In this regard, we investigated the effects of HNE on neuroinflammatory responses by measuring cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induction with cytokine production. In addition, we measured nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) signaling proteins, and antioxidant enzymes heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate dehydrogenase, quinone 1 (NQO1), and compared the results with quercetin and monochloropivaloylquercetin (MPQ) pretreated microglial cells.

Is T-tube treatment effective in Meyer-Cotton grade 3 tracheal stenosis: long-term outcomes.

Objectives: To present retrospective experience in Meyer-Cotton grade 3 tracheal stenosis of 17 patients treated by T-tube, considering the characteristics of the treated stenosis, surgical procedures performed, and post-operative outcomes and complications.

Methods: All demographic and clinical data were collected retrospectively. Chest and neck computed tomography scans were performed to assess the stenosis, including length, location, and glottic involvement.

Early stage squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip: predictive factors for recurrence.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of tumour thickness on other clinicopathological parameters in early stage lower lip squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods: Forty-six consecutive patients with lower lip squamous cell carcinoma were included in the study. Demographic, clinical and pathological data were retrospectively collected.

Synthesis and pro-apoptotic effects of new sulfonamide derivatives via activating p38/ERK phosphorylation in cancer cells.

Herein, the compounds bearing sulfonamide fragment such as N-(2-amino-5-benzoylphenyl)-4-nitrobenzene sulfonamide hydrochloride (1), N-(quinolin-8-yl)-4-nitro-benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride (2), N-(pyridine-2-ylmethyl)-4-nitro-benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride (3) were synthesized by the reaction of 3,4-diaminobenzophenone, 8-aminoquinoline or 2-picoylamine and 4-nitrobenzensulfonyl chloride, respectively. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were elucidated on the basis of elemental and spectral analyses. All the prepared compounds were evaluated for their in vitro anti-cancer activity against various cancer cell lines and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in this process.