Cost effectiveness of sodium zirconium cyclosilicate for the treatment of hyperkalaemia in patients with CKD in Norway and Sweden.

Background: Hyperkalaemia is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with a range of adverse outcomes. Historically, options for management of chronic hyperkalaemia in the outpatient setting have been limited. Novel oral potassium binders provide a safe, effective therapy for maintenance of normokalaemia in patients with CKD, but despite being approved for reimbursement in many countries, prescription data indicate uptake has been slower than anticipated.

Influence of multiple UV exposures on serum cobalamin and vitamin D levels in healthy females.

Aims: Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a major source for vitamin D production. Furthermore, UV destroys cobalamins (also called vitamin B12) in solution. However, data from humans are scarce.

Vitamin D levels and dietary intake among patients with benign soft tissue tumors and sarcomas.

Background: Calcitriol [1,25(OH)2D] is hypothesized to lower the risk of cancer via binding to the vitamin D receptor (VDR). VDRs are also found in benign and malignant cells of mesenchymal origin. To our knowledge, vitamin D levels and dietary intake have not been previously evaluated in patients newly diagnosed with benign and malignant mesenchymal tumors.

Increase in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3 in humans after sunbed exposures compared to previtamin D3 synthesis in vitro.

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is liable to cause skin cancer but it is the main source of vitamin D. Vitamin D photosynthesis takes place in skin at sub-erythemogenic UV doses, while larger exposures destroy vitamin D and increase DNA damage. Proper UV dosimetry is needed to obtain an optimal vitamin D status when skin cancer risk is minimal.

Effect of vitamin D supplementation and ultraviolet B exposure on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in healthy volunteers: a randomized, crossover clinical trial.

Background: Solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation during the summer and vitamin D supplementation are two major sources of vitamin D for humans at northern latitudes. However, little is known about the relative efficiency of these two vitamin D sources.

Objectives: The main goal was to compare the efficiency of high-dose oral vitamin D3 supplementation (2000 IU per day for 30 days) with a simulated summer UV exposure [10 sunbed sessions to a total dose of 23·8 standard erythema doses (SED)] to improve vitamin D status.