Selected markers of ovarian cancer and their relation to targeted therapy (Review).

Despite advances in surgical treatment techniques and chemotherapy-including anti-angiogenic and immune poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, the 5-year survival rate in ovarian cancer (OC) remains low. The reasons for this are the diagnosis of cancer in advanced clinical stages, chemoresistance and cancer recurrence. New therapeutic approaches are being developed, including the search for new biomarkers that are also targets for targeted therapy.

The Impact of Surgical Treatment with Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Ovarian Cancer on Disorders in the Urinary System and Quality of Life in Women.

Ovarian cancer is the fourth-most-common cause of death among all malignant cancers in women in Poland. This study aimed to compare the functioning of the urinary system and quality of life in women in the 12-month period following the completion of surgery or adjuvant treatment for ovarian cancer, with patients who underwent a hysterectomy for non-oncological reasons (control group). The study group consisted of 50 patients diagnosed with stage I−III ovarian cancer.

The association between lymph node metastases and long-term survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.

Introduction: A key survival prognosis factor for patients treated for ovarian cancer is complete cytoreductive surgery where all macroscopic neoplastic implants, including enlarged metastatic lymph nodes, are removed. We presume that investigating the involvement of the lymphatic system can result in a more individualized approach to the treatment of ovarian cancer patients. The main aim of our study was to analyze the relationship between the presence, number and types of lymph node metastases and ovarian cancer patient prognosis.

Role of vitamin D in selected malignant neoplasms.

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble essential nutrient that affects multiple biologic functions in the organism through calcitriol and the vitamin D receptor. This review article focuses on the results of studies on the relationship between the level of vitamin D and cancer incidence or mortality, but also on the anticancer properties of vitamin D that support its significant role in the prevention, clinical course, and overall survival rates of selected cancers (colorectal, prostate, breast, ovarian, endometrial, bladder, and malignant melanoma). The mechanisms of vitamin D action involve, among others, polymorphism of vitamin D receptor, cell cycle, caspases, and cancer stem cells.

Quantitative Assessment of Contrast Enhancement on Contrast Enhancement Spectral Mammography (CESM) and Comparison With Qualitative Assessment.

Background/aim: Contrast enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) is a novel method of breast cancer diagnosis. Benign lesions are enhanced after contrast injection on both CESM and breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Kinetic curves on breast MRI facilitate differentiation between benign and malignant lesions, while on CESM there is no such possibility and we need to asses lesions based only on their level of enhancement and its patterns.