Unusual free trisaccharides in caprine colostrum discovered by logically derived sequence tandem mass spectrometry.

Free oligosaccharides in human milk have many biological functions for infant health. The reducing end of most human milk oligosaccharides is lactose, and caprine milk was reported to contain oligosaccharides structurally similar to those present in human milk. The structures of oligosaccharides were traditionally determined using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy or enzyme digestion followed by various detection methods, e.

Progressive structural changes of microbial transglutaminase modified fish gelatin during gastric digestion.

This study investigated the progressive structural changes of fish gelatin in thermally reversible (TR) and irreversible (TI) states, formed through microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) cross-linking during in vitro gastric digestion. The focus was on dynamic structural changes and gastric digestion characteristics. Free amino content and SDS-PAGE analyses showed that both TR and TI groups were hydrolyzed into smaller fragments by pepsin during digestion.

Fabrication of Rubus chingii Hu ellagitannins-loaded W/O and O/W emulsion gels: Structure, stability, in vitro digestion and in vivo metabolism.

Tannin is the main naturally occurring phytochemicals in Rubus chingii Hu with poor digestive stability and low bioavailability. In this study, oil-in-water (O/W) and water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion gels encapsulating Rubus chingii Hu ellagitannins (RCHT) were fabricated and their structure, rheology, stability, in vitro digestion and in vivo metabolism were characterized. The W/O emulsion gel showed smaller particle size, better pH stability, thermal stability, centrifugal stability and storage stability.

Age-specific and sex-specific associations of visceral adipose tissue with metabolic health status and cardiovascular disease risk.

Background: Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is known to play a role in the development of metabolic and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the age- and sex-specific associations between VAT and these diseases remain unclear.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1,150 participants (39.

PET Imaging of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 1 with [F]TZ4877 in Nonhuman Primates.

Purpose: The sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor-1 (S1PR) is involved in regulating responses to neuroimmune stimuli. There is a need for S1PR-specific radioligands with clinically suitable brain pharmcokinetic properties to complement existing radiotracers. This work evaluated a promising S1PR radiotracer, [F]TZ4877, in nonhuman primates.