Resistance to Multiple Insecticide Classes in the Vinegar Fly Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Michigan Vineyards.

Vinegar flies are vectors of pathogens causing fruit rots of grapes, so control of these insects is important for preventing vineyard yield loss. Recent outbreaks of sour rots may be linked to greater challenges controlling vinegar flies, so we investigated the insecticide susceptibility of populations collected from commercial vineyards across Michigan. We first determined the discriminating concentration for phosmet, malathion, methomyl, and zeta-cypermethrin using a laboratory susceptible (Canton-S) strain of D.

Biology and Management of Bacterial Spot of Peppers in Oklahoma.

Bacterial spot, an important disease of bell and chili peppers grown in Oklahoma, is caused by . We evaluated isolates from 1995 to 2015 ( = 72) for avirulence alleles and race by assessing hypersensitive responses (HRs) on differentials with resistance genes , , , or . Most isolates (96%) expressed (races 1, 3, 7, 8), and only three were virulent on (race 6).

Influence of rearing temperature on triacylglycerol storage in the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum.

Total fatty acids in the pea aphid reared at low temperatures increased significantly compared to that at high rearing temperatures. This change is reflected in a large increase of myristic acid, which occurs exclusively in triacylglycerols. When aphids were moved from 25°C to a lower rearing temperature at 10°C, saturated fatty acids accumulated over time, reaching a maximum at 16th day.

Phosphine Resistance in Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Laemophloeidae) Collected From Grain Storage Facilities in Oklahoma, USA.

Phosphine gas (PH3) is one of the most commonly used fumigants for controlling stored-grain pests worldwide. We estimated the discriminating dose for Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) (Coleoptera: Laemophloeidae) adult insects using a laboratory susceptible strain. This discriminating dose was then used to determine presence or absence of PH3 resistance (resistance frequencies) in 19 field-collected populations of C.