Leisure-time and occupational physical activity and risk of cardiovascular disease incidence: a systematic-review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Background And Objective: Physical activity has benefits for the cardiovascular system, however, what levels and types of activity provide optimal cardiovascular health is unclear. We aimed to determine the level of physical activity that has the most benefits against cardiovascular diseases (CVD).

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for prospective cohort studies on leisure-time (LTPA) or occupational physical activity (OPA) as the exposure and major types of CVD (total CVD, coronary heart disease [CHD], stroke, and atrial fibrillation [AF]) incidence as the outcome.

Exploring the dynamic interplay between learning and working memory within various cognitive contexts.

Introduction: The intertwined relationship between reinforcement learning and working memory in the brain is a complex subject, widely studied across various domains in neuroscience. Research efforts have focused on identifying the specific brain areas responsible for these functions, understanding their contributions in accomplishing the related tasks, and exploring their adaptability under conditions such as cognitive impairment or aging.

Methods: Numerous models have been introduced to formulate either these two subsystems of reinforcement learning and working memory separately or their combination and relationship in executing cognitive tasks.

Effects of deep brain stimulation on cognitive functioning in treatment-resistant depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising intervention for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Effects on cognitive functioning are unclear since they have been studied in small samples. We aim to estimate the impact of DBS on cognitive functioning in TRD with a systematic review and meta-analyses.

Two echinoid species from the early Aptian (Early Cretaceous) of the Kopet-Dagh Basin, NE Iran.

Two echinoid species from the Sarcheshmeh Formation, early Aptian, Lower Cretaceous, of the Kopet-Dagh Basin, NE Iran, are described: a phymosomatoid specimen of Tetragramma sp., and the spatangoid echinoid Miotoxaster collegnii (Sismonda, 1844). This is the first report of echinoids from the Sarcheshmeh Formation from northeastern Iran.

Application of a new version of GA-RBF neural network for simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of Zn(II), Fe(II), Co(II) and Cu(II) in real samples: An exploratory study of their complexation abilities toward MTB.

The current study for the first time is devoted to the application of whole space genetic algorithm-radial basis function network (wsGA-RBFN) method to determine the content micro minerals of Zn(2+), Fe(2+), Co(2+) and Cu(2+) based on their complexes formation with methylthymol blue (MTB) spectrophotometrically in various pharmaceutical products and vegetable samples. Advantage of wsGA-RBFN compared to GA-RBFN is that centers can be located in any point of the samples spaces. Initially, the parameters controlling behavior of the system were investigated and optimum conditions were selected.