Structural elaboration of dicyanopyrazine: towards push-pull molecules with tailored photoredox activity.

As an extension of the successful dicyanopyrazine photoredox catalysts, a series of X-shaped push-pull molecules with a systematically altered structure were designed and facilely synthesized; their structure-property relationship was elucidated in detail experimental as well as theoretical calculations. Dicyanopyrazines are proven to be powerful photoredox catalysts with a push-pull arrangement that allows facile property tuning by interchanging a particular part of the D-π-A system. Changing the mutual position of the cyano acceptors and the methoxy, methylthio and thienyl donors as well as modifying the linker allowed wide tuning of the fundamental properties of the catalysts.

[Insufficient formation of interferon in children with recurrent respiratory infections].

The authors investigated the ability of IFN-alpha formation in 50 children followed up on account of frequent and relapsing respiratory diseases. The ability to produce IFN-alpha was consistent with the clinical condition. Children who were frequently ill and whose condition did not improve during the last two years had an inadequate IFN-alpha production.

Deficiency of interferon production in children with recurrent respiratory diseases.

In 50 children followed-up for frequent and repeated respiratory diseases, IFN-alpha production was examined. The ability to produce IFN-alpha correlated with the clinical situation of the children. It was low in children constantly ill and better or even normal in children whose health substantially improved or who were without symptoms during the last two years.

[The role of cellular immunity in the etiopathogenesis of obstructive bronchitis in childhood].

The development and aetiopathogenetic role of the immune response were studied in group of infants and children aged 4-6 years by comparison of clinical status, concentrations of serum immunoglobulins, virological tests (levels of specific antibodies and cultivation of viruses) and the macrophage migration inhibition test. A respiratory syncytial virus was found in 44% of virologically positive children. The macrophage migration inhibition test was positive in 45% of infants suffering from obstructive bronchitis.