Management of Chronic Liver Disease in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Management of cirrhosis sequelae is critical in providing the most options for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Compensated liver disease is the ideal state for HCC patients who may require resection, locoregional therapies, or liver transplantation. Portal hypertension complications, suboptimal nutrition, and frailty are common barriers to various HCC treatments.

Effects of therapeutically approved individual bile acids on the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis a low bile acid mouse model.

Bile acid (BA) signaling dysregulation is an important etiology for the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). As diverse signaling molecules synthesized in the liver by pathways initiated with CYP7A1 and CYP27A1, BAs are endogenous modulators of farnesoid x receptor (FXR). FXR activation is crucial in maintaining BA homeostasis, regulating lipid metabolism, and suppressing inflammation.

Leader-follower dynamics during early social interactions matter for infant word learning.

We know little about the mechanisms through which leader-follower dynamics during dyadic play shape infants' language acquisition. We hypothesized that infants' decisions to visually explore a specific object signal focal increases in endogenous attention, and that when caregivers respond to these proactive behaviors by naming the object it boosts infants' word learning. To examine this, we invited caregivers and their 14-mo-old infants to play with novel objects, before testing infants' retention of the novel object-label mappings.

Continuous glucose monitoring with FreeStyle Libre PRO sensor in patients with type 2 diabetes and end-stage renal failure on haemoDIALysis (FSLPRO-DIAL pilot study).

Aims: For end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with diabetes on haemodialysis, diabetes control is difficult to achieve. Hypoglycaemia is a major problem in these frailty subjects. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices appear therefore to be a good tool to help patients monitor their glycaemic control and to help practitioners optimize treatment.

Effects of intestine-specific deletion of FGF15 on the development of fatty liver disease with vertical sleeve gastrectomy.

Background: Vertical sleeve gastrectomy (SGx) is a type of bariatric surgery to treat morbid obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). The molecular mechanisms of SGx to improve MASLD are unclear, but increased bile acids (BAs) and FGF19 (mouse FGF15) were observed. FGF15/19 is expressed in the ileum in response to BAs and is critical in not only suppressing BA synthesis in the liver but also promoting energy expenditure.