Global Transcriptomic Analysis of Inbred Lines Reveal Candidate Genes for Response to Maize Lethal Necrosis.

Maize lethal necrosis (MLN) is a significant threat to food security in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with limited commercial inbred lines displaying tolerance. This study analyzed the transcriptomes of four commercially used maize inbred lines and a non-adapted inbred line, all with varying response levels to MLN. RNA-Seq revealed differentially expressed genes in response to infection by maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) and sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV), the causative agents of MLN.

Mycobacteria Exploit Host GPR84 to Dampen Pro-Inflammatory Responses and Promote Infection in Macrophages.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains the major cause of mortality and morbidity, causing approximately 1.3 million deaths annually. As a highly successful pathogen, () has evolved numerous strategies to evade host immune responses, making it essential to understand the interactions between and host cells.

Association between social capital and trajectories of cognitive function among Chinese older adults.

Background: The association between social capital and trajectories of cognitive function (CF) is still unclear among older adults in mainland China. The present study aims to examine the association using a longitudinal cohort from the Ningxia Healthy Aging Cohort.

Methods: Four waves of longitudinal data were abstracted to identify the CF trajectories using the conditional latent class growth model (LCGM).

Regioselective 1,4-Addition of P(O)-H Species to In SituFormed 1-Benzopyrylium Ion from C3-Substituted 2-Chromene Hemiketals to Construct C3-Functionalized C4-Phosphorylated 4-Chromenes.

Herein, we report the first example that P(O)-H species including -phosphonates and -phosphine oxides could participate in a highly regioselective 1,4-addition to in situ generated 1-benzopyrylium ion from C3-substituted 2-chromene hemiketals, which provides a brand-new and effective approach for the synthesis of C4-phosphorylated 4-chromenes with diverse C3-functionality (ketone, ester, sulfonyl, aryl, and alkyl groups). In total, the reaction features the use of inexpensive Zn(ClO)·6HO as a catalyst, low catalyst loading (only 5 mol %), mild reaction conditions (60 °C, 10 min to 24 h), and broad substrate scope (46 examples) as well as good to high yields (>90% yield on average). More importantly, mechanistic experiments demonstrated the essential role of the C3-substituent on 2-chromene hemiketals in stabilizing the in situ generated 1-benzopyrylium ion and the regioselective 1,4-addition control.

IRAP Drives Ribosomal Degradation to Refuel Energy for Platelet Activation during Septic Thrombosis.

Platelets play crucial roles in multiple pathophysiological processes after energy-dependent activation. It is puzzling how such a small cellular debris has abundant energy supply. In this study, it is shown that insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP), a type II transmembrane protein, is a key regulator for platelet activation by promoting energy regeneration during septic thrombosis.